【作者】 薛华丽；

【导师】 傅正生；

【作者基本信息】 西北师范大学 ， 应用有机化学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文包括四部分： 第一部分 含偶氮苯光学活性侧基聚合物的光学性能及其应用研究 本部分论文综述了含偶氮苯类光学活性侧基聚合物的光学性能及其应用研究状况，着重介绍了含偶氮苯光学活性侧基聚合物体系的结构类型及其光致变色性能，以及它们在光信息存储材料等方面的用途，由于偶氮苯光学活性侧基的存在，使得这些偶氮聚合物具有光致变色性、非线性光学性、光学各向异性等光学性能，在光信息存储材料、非线性光学材料、液晶材料、光电子器件、生物分子活性光调控，纳米材料等领域中都有重要的应用价值。但是，制约其实际应用的因素仍然存在。不过，随着含偶氮苯光学活性侧基聚合物研究的不断深入，这些问题与矛盾将有待得到解决。 第二部分 含偶氮类光学活性侧基淀粉的合成及表征 本部分实验以硫酸铈铵盐和过硫酸钾—亚硫酸氢钠为引发剂，十二烷基苯磺酸钠为乳化剂，引发可溶性淀粉与27个偶氮苯衍生物的乙烯基单体接枝共聚，分别考察了反应的温度、时间、引发体系、引发剂的用量、单体的浓度以及淀粉的浓度对接枝共聚反应的影响。结果表明，在引发剂浓度为1.25×10^-3mol／L，单体浓度为5g／L，反应温度为70℃，反应时间为2.5h，接枝率和接枝效率达最大，分别为130.8％、72％，并用FTIR、X-ray、DTA、TGA、SEM、元素分析等测试手段对接枝共聚物结构进行了表征，确证了接枝共聚反应的发生。 第三部分 淀粉接枝偶氮染料共聚物光致变色性能的研究 本部分实验以前面第二部分合成的27种偶氮染料与可溶性淀粉的接枝共聚物为原料，分别研究了其在溶液中的光致变色行为。结果表明，淀粉与偶氮染料的接枝共聚物在溶液中表现出明显的光致变色现象。并且考察了溶剂、结构、自由体积等因素对光致变色性能的影响。结果表明，偶氮聚合物在不同极性的溶剂中偶氮基团的最大吸收峰位置λ_max不同，同时我们还发现有一部分偶氮单体在乙醇溶液中没有表现出光异构化反应，而其对应的淀粉接枝共聚物却表现出较好的光致变色性。另外，邻位被丙烯酰氧基取代的偶氮聚合物还表现出光致变色性禁阻，这说明空间位阻起了一个非常重要的作用。 第四部分 兰州红心萝卜色素的提取、分离及性质研究 本部分实验以兰州红心萝卜为原料，以无水乙醇为浸提液，得到了含量为4.4～4.9％的红心萝卜色素，并讨论了光、热、pH值、食品添加剂以及重金属离子等因素对兰州红心萝卜色素稳定性的影响，同时利用薄层色谱法和柱层析法，以无水乙醇／水（5:1，V／V）的混合液作洗脱剂对该色素进行了分离分析，得到了三种不同颜色的色素。这一研究将薛华丽理学硕士论文:中文摘要/A bstract为兰州红心萝卜色素的开发利用提供一定的理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 This thesis consists of the following four parts:Part I : The optical activity of polymer containing azobenzene side chainand their optical applicationRecent progress in photochromism of polymer containing azobenzene side chain was reviewed in this paper. This review concentrates on the types of polymer system and their photoisomerization, and its potential application as optical data storage. Investigations of photochromism, nonlinear optical properties and optical anisotropic are associated with probable applications for optical data storage, nonlinear optical materials, liquid crystal polymer, photoelectric devices, photoregulation of bioactivity of biomolecule and nanometer technology. However, the difficulties that stand in the way to practical applications are also listed. With the development of research in polymer containing azobenzene side chain, these difficulties will be overcome.Part II: The synthesis and structural characterization of containing azobenzene starchThe graft copolymerization of vinyl monomers and soluble starch were carried out using K2S2O8-NaHSO3:Ce(NH4)2(SO4)2 (l:l)as initiation system, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfate as emulsifier. The effects of concentration of initiators, vinyl monomer concentration, reaction temperature, reaction period have been investigated. When the concentration of initiator was 1.25 10-3mol/L, the monomer concentration was 5g/L, the reaction temperature and period choosed as 70 C and 2.5h, respectively. The G% and GE% were 130.8% and 72% respectively. Which is best during the process in the range studied. The evidence and characterization of graft copolymers has been researched by means of FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM),thermograrimetry analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA).Part III: The photoisomerization behavior of copolymers soluble starch and vinyl monomer in solutionsThe photoisomerization of 27 copolymers of vinyl monomer and soluble starch were investigated in solutions. The effects of spatial hindrance , solvent, free volume were investigated. The result showed that the structure of graft copolymers exhibit a marked influence on photoisomerization. The smaller of the spatial hindrance is, the easier the photoisomerization will be, and copolymers manifest better photoisomerization than their corresponding monomers, In addition, para-acrolyloxy substitution exhibits good photoisomerization, while ortho-acroloyloxy substitution appears to take place photochromic hindrance.Part IV: The study of the extraction and separating from red radish of Lanzhou and character of red radish pigment of LanzhouA method of extracting red pigment from Lanzhou’s radish was studied in this thesis, as well as on the effect of light, heat, pH several kinds of food additives and heavy metal ions on the stability of red radish pigment. In addition, in order to separating and analyzing red radish pigments, thin-layer chromatography and column are used to study how much factors as the quantity of pigment, developing agent, developing time etc. influence the pigments separating, these research provided academic basis for the use and exploitation of red radish pigment.更多还原