【作者】 骆武；

【导师】 王智慧；

【作者基本信息】 北京工业大学 ， 材料加工工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 现代战场伪装是提高军事目标生存能力的一种重要手段，伪装网因其重量轻、使用方便、价格低廉成为国际上研究的热点。本文对伪装网雷达吸波涂层的吸波性能进行了研究，研究工作的重点放在吸收剂的纳米复合和吸波涂层的多层复合两方面。在吸波涂层研究的基础上，将研制的雷达吸波涂层应用在具有三维外形结构的伪装网，考察了三维伪装网的吸波性能，初步比较了外形结构在隐身性能方面的优劣。 吸收剂的复合方面，由于纳米材料所具有的小尺寸效应、量子尺寸效应、表面效应使纳米材料具备特殊的吸波性能，因而研究中通过机械法对现有的微米吸波材料金属 Co 粉进行纳米复合，将纳米材料的优异的吸波性能引入到吸波涂层。系统地测试了涂层的反射率 R，涂层的厚度和面密度，微米 Co 粉、纳米铁酸镍钴复合 Co 粉的电磁参数。研究发现，纳米铁酸镍钴对微米 Co 粉进行复合，有效的提高了微米 Co 的ε′′、μ′′、tanδm 、tanδe 值，改进了微米 Co 作为吸收剂的涂层在 2～18GHz 电磁波频率范围内的吸波性能。 涂层复合方面，进行了涂层结构的初步分析，通过多层涂层复合，改进涂层的衰减特性。研究了以 FeB 纳米晶铁氧体为吸波材料的涂层与镍金属沉积层两层复合涂层的吸波性能，发现镍层在吸波中起到了重要作用，这为微米 Co 为吸收剂的多层复合涂层研究提供了依据。纳米铁酸镍钴复合 Co 为吸收剂的涂层与羰基铁粉两层涂层复合，该复合涂层的吸波性能随羰基铁粉涂层厚度增加而增加，在两层复合的基础上，在底层加入化学镀镍层，三层复合涂层的吸波性能好于两层复合涂层，两层复合涂层又好于单层纳米铁酸镍钴复合 Co 的涂层。 对伪装网的三维外形结构进行了初步的设计，将上述具有良好吸波性能的复合涂层应用于伪装网，制备出的丛林式三维伪装网吸波能力强、吸波频带宽、涂层面密度小，在 3.7～18GHz 的频率范围内涂层反射率 R<-5dB，最大衰减达-20.45dB，涂层面密度仅为 0.63Kg/m2，该伪装网能满足雷达隐身对涂层“薄、轻、宽、强”的要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 Today camouflage has become a very important means to protect military affairsin battlefield. Many countries focus in research of camouflage mat due to it’s light,convenient and cheap. The absorbing property of radar absorbing coating has beenstudied in this dissertation and emphases of research were put in two aspects,nanometer composite of absorbent and multi-layer composite of absorbing coatings.In addition, the absorbing coatings studied were applied to three-dimensional (3D)camouflage mat. The absorbing property and radar absorbing structure (RAS) ofcamouflage mat also have been studied. As to research in nanometer composite of absorbent, for nanometer materialpossessing special characteristics such as little size effect, quantum effect and surfaceeffect etc, these make nano-material has special wave absorbing property, so throughmechanical and chemical method the micron material was compounded withnano-material for the purpose of improving the wave absorbing property of coating.The reflectivity, thickness, and density of nanometer composite coating andelectromagnetic parameters of micron size Co powder, micron size Co compoundedwith nanometer NiCo-ferrite powder were systematically tested. The testing resultsillustrate that ε′′, μ′′, tanδm and tanδe of micron size Co powder were increasedthrough compounding with nanometer NiCo-ferrite and the absorbing property ofcoating also has been improved within frequency 2～18GHz. For multi-layer coating composite, the structure of coating was analyzed. Thecharacteristics of impedance matching and attenuation were improved by compositeof different coating. The nickel layer has excellent performance for improvingabsorbing property of two layers composite coating, which compounded by FeBnanocrystalline layer and nickel layer. This result presents an evidence for coatingcomposite. The reflectivity of two layers composite coating which consisted bynanometer NiCo-ferrite layer and carbonylic iron powder layer was reduced with thethickness increasing of carbonylic iron powder layer. The radar absorbing property of －II－<WP=6>Abstractthis two layers coating was improved through composite with electroless platingnickel. The shape of 3D camouflage mat was designed. The 3D radar absorbingcamouflage mats were prepared by combining with above-mentioned compositecoating. The camouflage mat with jungle shape has excellent absorbing property,which also has small coating facial density. Within 3.7～18GHz the reflectivity wasless than –5dB and maximum attenuation value was –20.45dB, the facial density ofcoating was only 0.63 Kg/m2. This camouflage mat can meet the synthesis propertydemands of today’s warfare.更多还原