【作者】 饶欣；

【导师】 杨怀中；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 科学技术哲学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 人类的发展观是人们在认识与改造自然、认识与改造社会中形成的对追求自身利益，解决人与自然、人与人之间关系问题的基本看法和基本观点。上个世纪五十年代以来，能源紧张、资源破坏和环境污染等问题日益恶化，导致“生态危机”逐步加剧，迫使人类重新审视自己在生态系统中的位置，并努力寻求长期生存和发展的道路。在八十年代，出现了一种全新的发展观——可持续发展观，它是国际社会在全球环境与发展问题方面达成的共识。 在不同时代不同发展观的指引下，人们对科技进步和科技发展的目标和方向的认识是不尽相同的。从古代人类尚未形成真正意义上的发展观到农耕时代人们形成了“利用自然，自给自足，丰衣足食，安居乐业”的发展观，再到工业化时代“征服自然，改造自然，向自然界索取资源，为个人、集团(企业)、国家和民族谋求最大限度的财富和利益”的发展观及现在的可持续发展观，科技也随之经历了从孕育发展到高度发达的历史变化过程。在工业化社会的形成和发展时期，科技进步遵循的是以征服自然，追求经济利益，追求物质财富为目标的有急功近利特点的科技发展模式。这种发展模式纵容科技负效应的膨胀，是不符合可持续发展思想的。可持续发展观强调的是当代人的发展不能损害后代人发展的能力，希望实现一种经济、社会与生态环境的协调发展。在这一全新的发展观与发展战略的指导下，科技进步应该具有不同于传统工业化社会的发展模式。 科学技术是第一生产力，是推动社会可持续发展的决定性力量。国内外很多学者在这个领域的研究都主要集中在如何利用科学技术推动社会的可持续发展，未深入研究科学技术本身的发展问题。科学技术的发展作为整个社会发展的构成要素，其实也会面临一个可持续发展的问题，那么，如何实现科学技术的可持续发展就是一个值得关注的课题。同时，21世纪的国家竞争在很大程度上就是科学技术水平的竞争，如何完善我国科研体制，实现科学技术的可持续发展，对促进我国社会全面发展和综合国力的提高有重大现实意义。 在此研究思路上，本文依据可持续发展理论，把科技系统作为人类社会可持续发展的一个子系统，不仅从科技系统内部研究科技发展的持续性、整武汉理工大学硕士学位论文体性等，即科技本身的可持续发展，而且从科技系统外部来研究科技系统相对其他系统的协调性、动力性等，即科技可持续发展对人类社会可持续发展的价值。本文第1章通过分析可持续发展思想和科学技术发展的关系来说明现代科学技术需要可持续发展的科学技术;第2章具体分析了科学技术可持续发展的形成:第3章简单分析了目前存在的不利于科学技术可持续发展的观念误区，并针对我国科技现状试提出有利于我国科学技术实现可持续发展的建议;最后一章，着重分析了科学技术可持续发展的伦理意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the process of observing and utilizing the nature, people get his basic attitude and opinion about how to pursuit of profit and how to solve the relationships between human being and the nature, between people and people. This is also called the perspective of development. Since last fifties, problems like the energy shortage, resources destructions and pollutions have degenerated and made the ecological crisis even worse, which drove people to review his position in the ecological system and try to find the way to longer existence and development. In the 1980s, there emerged a whole new perspective ofdevelopment--the sustainable development which is a common understandingwhen the international society discussing the global environment crisis and development affairs.In the different period, under the different perspective of development, people see the goal and direction to the progress and the development of science and technology differently. Companying with the perspective of development changed from ancient not nearly indeed for the meanings to utilization the nature, self-sufficiency, ample food and clothing, living and working in peace and contentment during cultivation time, then to for the most fortune and profits of the individual, groups(companies), country and the nation, and finally to the sustainable development in now days, science and technology also has a historical change from gestation to highly developed. The progress of science and technology followed a path to the quick success and instant benefit development model which target conquest the nature and pursuit of profit and materially well-off. This development model indulges negative effects with expansion and is unsustainable. The sustainable development emphasizes the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs, hopes to achieve economic, social and environmental objectives in harmony. Under this new perspective of development, the progress of science and technology should have a model different to the traditionalindustrialized society’s.Science and technology is the first productivity and the determinant power to promote our society to sustainable development. Many scholars around the world focus this area on how to use science and technology to promote sustainable development. They do not deeply think about the development of science and technology itself. The development of science and technology is a part of social development, consequentially it also faces the problem of sustainable development. Therefore, how to realize the sustainable development of science and technology is worth consideration. Meanwhile, competitions between nations in 21 century are mostly in the science and technology area. It is of importantly practical value to perfect our research and development system and realize the sustainable development of science and technology in order to promote full-scale development of our society and improve synthetically national power.In this way, according to the theory of sustainable development, it seems the system of science and technology as a subsystem of human society sustainable development system in this article. It not only researches the sustainability and collectivity from inside, that’s to say the sustainable development of science and technology, but also studies its harmony and impetus relative to other systems outside, which also called the value to human society. The first chapter of the article analyzes the role of science and technology in sustainable development to explain modern science and technology need sustainable development; the second one analyzes formation of the sustainable development of science and technology in details. In the third part, the author makes a brief analysis about presently wrong thoughts which do harm to the sustainable development of science and technology and offers suggestions to china’s sustainable development of science and technology. In the last part, the author stresses the ethical value o更多还原