【作者】 刘勇；

【导师】 杨莉； 耿文奎；

【作者基本信息】 广西医科大学 ， 环境卫生与劳动卫生学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 目的：了解广西桂林市、柳州市、南宁市居民伤害死亡情况及其对居民健康危害程度和所致寿命损失，为探讨伤害的发生、发展规律提供重要的科学线索，并为制定伤害防制策略、措施及相应卫生政策提供理论依据。方法：对上述三城市1997～2001年居民死亡监测资料应用死亡率及标化死亡率、潜在寿命损失年数(YPLL)及标化潜在寿命损失年数、减寿率及标化减寿率、平均减寿年数、潜在工作损失年数(WYPLL)及标化潜在工作损失年数、平均工作损失年数、潜在价值损失年数(VYPLL)及标化潜在价值损失年数、平均价值损失年数等指标进行了分析。结果：1.桂林市居民伤害死亡率为27.15/10万，标化死亡率为25.79/10万，居脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤、心血管疾病和呼吸系统疾病之后第五位，占总构成的9.27%；YPLL、WYPLL及VYPLL均居首位，减寿率为8.49‰，平均减寿数为29.91岁，平均工作损失24.35年，平均价值损失20.2年。居民各类伤害死亡中居前四位的依次为：运输事故、淹溺、中毒、跌倒。2.柳州市居民伤害死亡率为30.50/10万，标化死亡率为29.34/10万，居恶性肿瘤、脑血管疾病、心血管疾病之后第四位，占总构成的11.85%；YPLL、WYPLL及VYPLL均居首位，减寿率为10.24‰，平均减寿数为32.07岁，平均工作损失26.33年，平均价值损失23.45年。居民各类伤害死亡中居前四位的依次为：运输事故、跌倒、中毒、淹溺。3.南宁市居民伤害死亡率为27.08/10万，标化死亡率为25.78/10万，居恶性肿瘤、脑血管疾病之后第三位，占总构成的15.89%；YPLL、WYPLL及VYPLL均居首位，减寿率为9.51‰，平均<WP=4>减寿数为33.71岁，平均工作损失28.09年，平均价值损失26.49年。居民各类伤害死亡中居前四位的依次为：运输事故、淹溺、跌倒、中毒。4.上述三城市居民伤害死亡率男性高于女性，且YPLL、WYPLL、VYPLL男性均远远高于女性。5.在居民各类伤害中运输事故死亡率和YPLL均位居首位，淹溺、中毒分列第二、三位；但在各类伤害所致居民平均减寿年数中淹溺排在第一位，加害和中毒分列第二、三位，运输事故则在第四位。6.各城市1～14岁年龄组人群前二位伤害死亡原因是：淹溺、运输事故；15～59岁年龄组人群前二位伤害死亡原因是；运输事故和中毒；60岁以上桂林市和柳州市则为跌倒和运输事故，南宁市为运输事故和跌倒。结论：伤害已对我区三城市居民健康构成了严重的危害，是居民“早死”的主要原因之一，同时，也是危害社会劳动力和影响我区经济发展的重要因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the situation of the mortality of injury of inhabitants, the risk degree of injury to health of inhabitants and the life lost due to injury in Guilin, Liuzhou and Nanning of Guangxi. To provide important clue of science for exploring occurrence, developing laws of injury, theoretic basis for strategies, measures of prevention, control and corresponding health policies to injury. Methods The surveillance data of death of inhabitants was analyzed by indices: mortality and standardized mortality, years of potential life lost(YPLL) and standardized years of potential life lost, rate of years of potential life lost and standardized rate of years of potential life lost, average years of potential life lost, working years of potential life lost(WYPLL) and standardized working years of potential life lost, average working years of potential life lost, valued years of potential life lost(VYPLL) and standardized valued years of potential life lost, average valued years of potential life lost. Results 1.The mortality and standardized mortality of injury of inhabitants in Guilin were 27.15 per a hundred thousand and 25.79 per a hundred thousand respectively, which ranked the fifth in whole causes of death and proportion was 9.27% to the total. YPLL, WYPLL and VYPLL ranked the first, however. Rate of years of potential life lost was 8.49‰. <WP=6>Average years of potential life lost was 29.91 years old. Average working years of potential life lost and average valued years of potential life lost were 24.35 years and 20.20 years, respectively. Transport accidents, drowning, poisoning and falls ranked the top in all death causes of injury of inhabitants. 2.The mortality and standardized mortality of injury of inhabitants in Liuzhou were 30.50 per a hundred thousand and 29.34 per a hundred thousand respectively, which ranked the fifth in whole causes of death and proportion was 11.85% to the total. YPLL, WYPLL and VYPLL ranked the first, however. Rate of years of potential life lost was 10.24‰. Average years of potential life lost was 32.07 years old. Average working years of potential life lost and average valued years of potential life lost were 26.33 years and 23.45 years, respectively. Transport accidents, falls, poisoning and drowning ranked the top in all death causes of injury of inhabitants. 3. The mortality and standardized mortality of injury of inhabitants in Nanning were 27.08 per a hundred thousand and 25.78 per a hundred thousand respectively, which ranked the fifth in whole causes of death and proportion was 15.89% to the total. YPLL, WYPLL and VYPLL ranked the first, however. Rate of years of potential life lost was 9.51‰. Average years of potential life lost was 33.71 years old. Average working years of potential life lost and average valued years of potential life lost were 28.09 years and 26.49 years, respectively. Transport accidents, drowning, falls and poisoning ranked the top in all death causes of injury of inhabitants. 4.The mortality of injury of inhabitants in these cities was higher in male than in female and YPLL, <WP=7>WYPLL and VYPLL were much higher in male than in female. 5.Both mortality and YPLL of transport accidents in all injuries of inhabitants were the first and drowning and poisoning ranked the second and the third, respectively. But for the average years of potential life lost, drowning was the first instead. And assault and poisoning ranked the second and the third, respectively, but transport accident dropped to the forth. 6.Drowning and transport accidents ranked the top in death causes of injury among 1—14 years old. Transport accidents and poisoning ranked the top in death causes of injury among 15—59 years old. Among 60 years old and above , falls and transport accidents ranked the top in Guilin and Liuzhou, but transport accidents and falls in Nanning. Conclusions Injury had been seriously periled the health of inhabitants in three cities and was the main cause of “early death” and the important factors that periled the society labor force and ec更多还原