改善嘉兴水蜜桃品质的技术研究及推广策略

【作者】 沈玉英；

【导师】 陈昆松； 孙祥良；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 农业推广， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文阐述了国内外桃及嘉兴市水蜜桃的发展现状及存在问题。中国桃面积与产量居世界第一，但存在栽培管理水平较低、品种结构不合理、采后处理环节薄弱、果品档次低、生产组织化程度低、产业链尚未形成、科研水平低下，成果转化缓慢等问题。选用果实大，果形正，外观美，品质优，插空补缺的优良品种是桃新品种选育的主要方向，同时应加快发展设施栽培，并推进产业化进程，生产主导方向将从片面追求产量转到以效益为前堤，提高果实品质上来。 嘉兴市水蜜桃存在许多问题，包括：土质粘重，树势生长不良，流胶病严重；品种结构不合理，采收期相对集中；栽植密度较高，留枝过多，树体骨架不牢固，光照条件差，树体易衰老，缺乏科学施肥，灌水不及时，造成果实着色不良，果实含糖量低，果实不耐贮运等。研究改善品质的关键技术措施主要有改良品种、早中晚结构合理化；引进滴灌技术，采用避雨栽培，合理留果，控制适宜果实大小；改革报纸袋套袋，采用白袋和橘红袋等不同纸质果袋套袋技术；选用鸡粪作基肥，生长季多次叶面肥；适时采收，采后进行分级包装和预冷等。通过这些措施的实施，以提高结实率和改善果实品质。同时还对生产推广中的一些策略进行了讨论。更多还原

【Abstract】 This thesis describles the present situations of Jiaxing melting peach and other kinds of peach, which are either native to China or introduced into China. China is the largest peach planting country of in the world, but there are some problems to be dissolved to improve the quality of the fruit. In the future, we should choose the excellent breeds with large size, beautiful shape and good qualities. In addition, planting facilities and industrilization process shoule be developed.The main problems of Jiaxing melting peach lie in breed component structure, low production in early stage, severe gum disease, poor bearing in rainy flower seasons, uneven surface colouration, low sugar content. Through investigation these causes are showed as below. They are high underground water level, sticky soil, serious gum disease, high densy planting, poor sunlight, lack of scientific fertilizing and watering. Therefore, the reform newspaper package is the major means to overcome these problems. Different colour (white and orange) package production technologies should also be applied. Moreover, we shouldintroduee the teehnology of watering in droPs.In the year withh 1 gh rainfall，Proof一water skills，and desirable cultivares should bead0Pted in order to imProve bearing and the quality of fruit.Inaword，it 15 very imPortant for imProving the Peaeh eommereialbenefit to modify the system of Postharvest storage andtransPortation，and realize the standardalization of field Praeticeand management.更多还原