【作者】 王莉华；

【导师】 刘春生；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 教育经济与管理， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来，我国高职教育的发展非常迅速，但教学理念、课程与教学内容体系等方面的改革相对滞后。对高职课程标准的研究，有利于高职教育各专业的课程设置趋于合理，使课程开发和建设规范化，为高职教育课程改革提供指导，对完善职业教育理论、为政府决策提供咨询具有现实意义。本文在对高职课程标准的相关概念进行严格界定的基础上，主要采用文献调查分析、经验调查分析、个案分析、比较分析等研究方法，明确了高职课程标准的内涵、特征和功能。高职课程标准是根据专业培养计划，对学生接受该课程的教育之后的结果做的具体描述，是教育教学的指导性文件，它包括课程内容标准和课程考核标准两部分；高职课程标准具有高等教育的特征，规定本课程的基本素质要求和知识要求，也具有职业教育的特征，即地方行业性、技术技能性和市场导向性；它是课程组织实施的纲领性文件，是教材编写、课程评价的重要依据，同时也是与企业标准相融合的纽带。本文对构建高职课程标准的必要性、基本理念（理论依据）以及构建策略进行了研究。通过对高职课程现状的调查发现，现有高职教育课程的内容与学生职业能力要求不相适应、相对行业发展滞后，课程考核体系与学生能力水平和社会职业资格认定体系不相容，不利于学生的发展，不利于高职教育的创新、提升国际竞争力。依据素质教育、创新教育、实践教育、终身教育等现代教育思想，构建高职课程标准应体现高职课程由“能力本位”向“人格本位”转化，体现高职课程的社会服务性。与相应行业有机结合，建立与国家职业资格制度和就业准入制度相互融合，具有鲜明的职业特征的课程标准，充分体现高职课程的灵活性、科学性、适度超前性和职业功能性。最后本文提出了高职课程标准的构建策略并设计了课程标准示例。本文的创新点是系统地探讨了构建高职课程标准的基本理念，构建出高职课程标准的范式。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, with the rapid development of China’s higher vocational education, the reform of teaching theory, curriculum, and content has seriously lagged behind. Research on higher vocational curriculum standards would be beneficial in making the setting of curriculum more rational, and in standardizing curriculum development and construction. Such research can provide guidance in curriculum reform, has real significance in perfecting higher vocational education theory, and can provide advice for government policy-making.This paper strives to strictly clarify the concept of curriculum standards in higher vocational education. The principle methods used are: a review of the literature, an investigation and analysis of experience, case analyses, comparative analysesThe paper also clarifies the connotations, characteristics, and functions of higher vocational education curriculum standards.Higher vocational education curriculum standards are in line with the training plans for each major field of study. The standards provide a concrete description of the results expected after students complete their curriculum. These standards are the guiding document for teaching and learning, and include two parts: curriculum content standards and course examination standards.Higher vocational education curriculum standards are a form of higher education. They prescribe the quality and knowledge requirements for the curriculum. They also have the function of vocational education in that they are localized, focused on technical skills, and are market driven. The standards are also the principal programming document for curriculum organization and implementation. Additionally, They are the primary basis for course material compilation arid course evaluation. As well, they are a link for the merging with industry standards.This paper carries out research regarding the needs, the theories for the building of higher vocational education curriculum standards, and the formulation of tactics for the construction of these standards. Through an investigation of the current state of higher vocational education curriculum, the research reveals that the curriculum content and the requirements for the vocational ability of the students do not conform. It also shows that the curriculum lags behind the development of industry and that the course assessment <WP=5>system does not measure up to the setting of student ability levels or the vocational qualifications that be public expect. Furthermore, the curriculum is unfavourable to student development, unfavourable to bringing forth new ideas in vocational education, and unfavourable to promoting our country’s international competitiveness.Based upon modern educational thinking regarding character-building education, innovative education, practical education, and lifelong learning, the building of higher vocational education curriculum standards should embody the transformation of a “competency-based standard” to a “personality-based standard.” It should also embody the public service nature of the higher vocational education curriculum.To enable integration with relevant industries, there should be a merging of the national vocational qualification system and the employment entry-level qualifications system. This is a distinct function of higher vocational education curriculum standards. The standards must fully reflect the various aspects of the higher vocational education curriculum, which means they should be flexible, scientific, predictive of future needs, and skills-based.Finally, this paper proposes a model for higher vocational education curriculum standards, and offers some curriculum standards cases.This paper’s innovative aspect is its systematic discussion of the basic theory for constructing higher vocational education curriculum standards, and the provision of a model for these standards.更多还原