【作者】 王兵；

【导师】 苗长虹；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 区域经济学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 流域经济是建立在流域自然地理环境基础上的区域经济，具有整体性和关联性、区段性和差异性、层次性和结构性、开放性和耗散性等特征。它的独特性和重要性使其在社会经济发展中始终占据着突出地位。可持续发展是人类社会一种全新的发展模式，已经得到广泛认同和赞誉，以流域为基本单元的可持续发展研究日益受到重视。 本研究从流域经济空间分异和可持续发展的视角出发，分县市和乡镇两个层次，分析伊洛河流域农村经济空间分异特征及其变化，进而寻求经济空间分异的主要影响因素，并在此基础上，确立流域实施农村经济可持续发展的原则和战略重点。 在县市层次上，重工业城市洛阳市和煤炭城市义马市，第二产业尤其是农村工业特别发达的偃师市和巩义市，处于流域经济发展的领先位置，经济发展水平明显超过其他各县。流域中上游的洛南县、卢氏县、洛宁县、栾川县、嵩县和宜阳县，都处在比较落后的位置，并且同流域下游地区有较大的差距。而渑池县、新安县、孟津县、伊川县，基本上处于前两类之间，但更接近于中上游的落后地区。这样就形成了下游明显高于中上游、涧河流域高于伊河流域和洛河流域的经济发展水平格局。 在乡镇层次上，流域中上游绝大部分乡镇的农民人均纯收入较低，而下游洛阳市区、偃师市和巩义市的大部分乡镇则较高，基本符合流域县市级经济空间格局。处在县城周围、河谷平原，矿产资源优势明显的乡镇，其农民收入比距县城较远、地形复杂、交通不便的乡镇明显要高。除了下游较为集中的高收入乡镇，整个流域大部分乡镇、尤其是中上游乡镇的农民人均纯收入落后于河南省平均水平。从1995-2000年经济空间特征变化看，出现了一种值得注意的“富者更富、贫者更贫”的态势，巩义市和洛南县、嵩县中部是典型代表。而渑池县和新安县比较特别，大部分乡镇基础薄弱但收入增长很快。 伊洛河流域经济的空间特征与其地貌、自然资源、交通设施和农村工业的发展具有很强的空间祸合性。影响流域县市级经济空间分异的因素对乡镇经济空间分异起着控制性作用，在局部范围内某一种或几种因素起主导作用。而其他因素，诸如与中心城市(在县内为县城)的距离等，也有一定的影响。 根据伊洛河流域农村经济的空间分异特征、影响因素和流域经济可持续发展理论，本研究提出了实施农村经济可持续发展的经济发展优先、富县与富民相结合、各区段协调发展、经济发展与生态环境保护相协调、加强流域内外交流与联系等基本原则，并确立了农业空间结构优化、网络结构优化、自然资源开发与农村工业发展、人力资源开发、生态旅游开发等战略重点。更多还原

【Abstract】 The economy of a river basin, based on its geographic environment, is a special kind of regional economy with the characteristics of entirety and relation, regionality and diversity, gradation and network, opening and dissipation etc. Because of the particularity and importance, it has special outstanding status in the development of society and economy all along. Sustainable development is a new brand development model, which has been recognized and honored broadly. The studies of sustainable development which regard river basin as a basic unit have been paid more and more attention to.On the basis of the view of the spatial difference and sustainable development of river basin economy, the article studies the spatial difference and changes of the rural economy of Yiluo River basin from two kinds of levels, including counties and cities, villages and towns. Further, the article analyzes the main factors that affect the economic spatial difference on each level. And on the former studies, the article establishes some principles and strategic emphases of the river basin rural economy sustainable development.On the level of counties and cities, the heavy-industry city Luoyang City, the coal city Yima City, Yanshi City and Gongyi City whose secondary industry especially rural industry are very advanced and much developed than other counties. The upper and middle reach counties, including Luonan county, Lushi county, Luoning county, Luanchuan county, Songxian county and Yiyang county, drop behind and have a relative big gap with the lower reach counties. While Mianchi county, Xin’an county, Mengjin county and Yichuan county are between the former two types on the whole, which approach much the upper and middle counties. The pattern of economic developmentlevels is very obvious, the level of lower reach areas is much higher than the upper and middle reach areas, and Jian River basin is higher than Yi River basin and Luo River basin.On the level of villages and towns, the economic spatial pattern accords with the counties and cities’ in the main. The per capita net income of rural residents of most upper and middle reach villages and towns are low, while most lower reach villages and towns are relative higher, especially some in Luoyang city, Yanshi city and Gongyi city. The level of those which locates at the surroundings of county seat, or valleys and plains, or those which have obvious advantages of mineral resources, is apparently higher than those which have farther distance with county seat, complex terrain, and inconvenient traffics.Except some lower reach areas with high income, the income level of most villages and towns especially in the upper and middle reach of the river basin is lower than the average level of Henan province. The changes of economic spatial characteristics from 1995 to 2000 appear an attractive situation: the rich becoming richer and the poor becoming poorer. It is very typical in the Gongyi city, Luonan county and the center of Songxian county. While Mianchi county and Xin’an county are special, most of villages and towns’ economic base are weak, but the increments of per capita net income of rural residents are very quickly.The economic spatial characteristic of Yiluo River basin couples well with physiognomy, natural resources and transportation facilities. The factors which affect the economic spatial difference of counties and cities control the villages and towns’ economic spatial characteristics. One or several factors play dominant roles at partial place. While other factors, such as the distance with central city(county seat is the central city of a county), also have some effects to a certainty.On the basis of rural economic spatial difference characteristics and factors of Yiluo River basin, and the theory of river basin economic sustainable development, thearticle put forward some basic principles and strategic emphases of rural economic sustainable development. The principles include economic development first, the combination of making the co更多还原