行政强制执行制度比较研究

【作者】 查志刚；

【导师】 孙利；

【作者基本信息】 对外经济贸易大学 ， 法律， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 伴随着我国依法治国，建设社会主义法治国家治国方略的实施，我国行政法学研究进入了异常繁荣的时期，行政强制执行作为行政强制的重要组成部分在行政法学领域的发展也不例外。跨入新世纪以来，对行政强制执行问题的研究日趋深入。我国自1996年推出《行政处罚法》之后，继而考虑制定与之相匹配的《行政强制法》。该法不仅已列入十届人大的立法计划，而且立法工作已在全国人大法制委的领导下正式启动。加快对行政强制执行基本理论的研究、完善并实施行政强制执行日趋显得重要。本文在借鉴和吸收国外的研究成果以及我国目前的研究成果的基础之上，对中外行政强制执行制度的理论做了充分的对比分析，拟通过与国外的理论研究比较论证行政强制执行概念，行政强制执行权的设定与归属，行政强制执行主体、程序及救济等方面的辩证问题，探究行政强制执行制度的理论框架，提出将行政强制执行权回归行政机关，建立行政主导型的强制执行体制，以期对我国的行政强制执行的立法及其实施与执行尽微薄之力。 全文共分四部分。第一部分行政强制执行概述。这部分主要从行政强制执行的概念、特征及其理论基础入手，充分论述了不同的国家对行政强制执行的不同理解与认识，其理论渊源是基于对民主与效率孰轻孰重价值取向不同。第二部分各国行政强制执行制度的比较分析。这部分是本文的重点部分，运用比较的方法分析了行政强制执行在立法、执行权的分配、执行主体手段与程序以及法律救济方面各国的异同，分析了其形成的原因，并提出了在我国应基于依法行政的客观需要，结合我国行政强制执行的实际，借鉴国外先进的行政强制执行体制的优点，为我国改革行政强制执行体制提供有力的支持。第三部分是对我国行政强制执行的设想与建议。这部分主要基于上述各国的理论的优劣性提出了建立符合我国行政实际特征的行政主导型强制执行体制。第四部分是结论。这部分在前三部分的基础上提出了我国建立行政主导型强制执行体制应在立法、执行权、执行主体、手段、程序及法律救济等方面精心设计新体制以适应我国依法行政的实际需要。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the implementing the policy of management in terms of law to build social country, the study of administrative law enters into a thriving period. Administration execution is an important part of administration. The thesis is based on the research accomplishments abroad and domestic, which is to make comparative analysis of administrative system and the related theory. The author tries to explore the theoretical framework of administrative system through the comparisons of concept, power and main body, procedure and remedy. This may contribute to the legislation and enforcement of administrative law. The essay sets up the hitting point on administrative enforcement and projects the tentative idea as follows: Administrative enforcement power would regress administrative organ, and set up the enforce system of administration leading. At the same time, the thesis reveals the achievements in the aspects of theory and system, which analyzes the theoretical problem. Maybe this thesis will provide some guidance for the reformation. This thesis is dividing into four parts:Part I gives an overall introduction of administrative enforcement in terms of the concepts, characteristics and theoretical basis. It explores various cognitions and understandings of administrative enforcement in different countries, which are based on the different value systems towards democracy and efficiency. In Part II, the author employs the comparative method to analyze administrative enforcement systems between different countries, which is meant to reveal the aspects of similarity and difference in legislation of the administrative law, allocation of enforcement power, the method and process and so on. In Part III, the author puts forward the tentative idea to increase the power of enforcement body according to the advantages and disadvantages of administrative enforcement in different countries. Part four is conclusion. Owing to the analysis of the present situation, the author tries to suggest that we should draw and absorb the advanced law system of foreign countries, and build new system to adjust China’s situation and practical requirements.更多还原