现代化境遇中的文化自觉

【作者】 邓永芳；

【导师】 郝永平；

【作者基本信息】 中共中央党校 ， 马克思主义哲学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 文化是人类所独有的社会景观，对于它的研究历来引人入胜。关于“文化自觉”的研究只是文化大视阈里的一个小视角，但它与文化研究的若干领域与问题联系紧密。因此，研究“文化自觉”具有重要的理论和实践意义。本文以马克思主义文化理论为指导，从文化哲学和现代化的双重角度考察“文化自觉”，论述文化自觉的涵义和意义、文化自觉的现代化境遇、文化自觉的发展机制、文化构建中的文化自觉和新世纪中国共产党人的文化自觉。全文分为五部分。第一章阐述文化自觉的一般涵义和意义。文化自觉从主体的维度看是文化主体精神的自觉；从客体的结果看，是对文化认识达到一定高度的标志，是一种深刻的文化反思，最终要体现为哲学上自觉的反思；而在其本质上，是一种实践性的活动。文化自觉的意义表现它同社会进步、人的解放和民族复兴诸方面的关系上，促进文化自觉可以推动社会进步，有利人的解放，也是民族复兴的文化动因。第二章论述文化自觉的现代化境遇。在人类进入到“世界历史”的时代之后，文化自觉有了两个重要的背景即全球化背景和现代化背景，它们相互型塑、相互作用，但现代化背景具有根本的特性。现代化境遇反映的是这样的一种情形：对于包括中国在内的后发外生的民族国家来说，现代化已经并将继续是不得不为的事情。文化现代化是现代化境遇的一个重要的特殊的方面。第三章论述文化自觉的发展机制。文化自觉的发展机制探究的是文化自觉发生发展的动力、构成要素、一般过程以及其他一些规律。文化自觉的动力来自于社会生产力的发展、科学技术革命以及文化内部的矛盾冲突。文化自觉的构成要素包含了主体、客体和联结主、客体的现代化实践和文化实践。在现代化境遇中，现代化实践和文化实践是文化发展和文化自觉的动力。文化自觉的发生发展经历了文化浸润、文化习得到文化比较、文化反思，最后到文化自觉的一般过程。第四章论述文化建构中文化自觉。从全球化与现代化两大背景出发，可引出文化自觉的两大主要任务，即促进文化转型和应对文化冲突。文化自觉是完成这两大任务的手段。坚持文化自觉，推动文化建构事业的顺利发展。第五章阐述中国共产党人为代表的中国人民走过文化自觉之路。新世纪我们党的“代表中国先进文化的前进方向”的科学论断从先进文化在社会中的地位、党的自身建设和小康社会的建设全局等多个角度体现了中国共产党人高度的文化自觉意识。它所蕴涵的丰富内容，是新世纪中国共产党人的“文化整合”纲领。更多还原

【Abstract】 Culture is a special phenomenon of the human society, and the research on it often attracts people’s interests. The research about “culture self-consciousness” is only a narrow view angle in the wide visual threshold of culture, but it has close relation with some areas and questions about culture research. So, the research on “culture self-consciousness” has important theoretical and practical meaning.Directed by Marxist culture theory, this paper reviewed “culture self-consciousness” from the perspectives of both culture philosophy and modernization, and discussed the intension and meaning of “culture self-consciousness”, the modernized condition of “culture self-consciousness”, the developing mechanism of “culture self-consciousness”, the “culture self-consciousness” in the construction of culture and the “culture self-consciousness” of the people of the Communist Party of China in the new century.The whole paper can be divided into five parts. The first chapter discussed the general intension and meaning of “culture self-consciousness”. From the perspective of subject, “culture self-consciousness” is the self-consciousness of the culture’s subject, and from the perspective of the object’s result, it is a sign that people’s knowledge on culture has reached a certain degree, so it is a deep cultural reflection, and still it will be embodied as philosophical conscious reflection, while in the essence, it is a kind of practice. The meaning of “culture self-consciousness” lies in it’s relationship with the development of the society, the liberation of the people, the renaissance of the nation, etc., for promoting “culture self-consciousness” could spur the development of the society, favor the liberation of the people, and also, it is the motivation of the renaissance of the nation.The second chapter discussed the modernized condition of the “culture self-consciousness”. After the history of the people entered the time of “world history”, the “culture self-consciousness” gained two important backgrounds—globalization and modernization, and the two backgrounds interacted on each other and shaped each other, but the modernization background is fundamental. The modernized condition reflects such a situation that modernization has already been and will continuously be a thing had to be done in the developing-later and growing up-outward nations including china. Culture modernization is an important and special aspect of modernization.The third chapter discussed the developing mechanism of the “culture <WP=5>self-consciousness”. The developing mechanism of the “culture self-consciousness” discussed the driving force, the constituent factors, the general process and other laws of the “culture self-consciousness”. The motive force of “culture self-consciousness” comes from the development of the social productivity, the revolution of science and technology and the contradiction and conflict inside culture. The constituent factors of “culture self-consciousness” include subject, object and the practice of modernization and culture connecting the subject and object together. Under modernized condition, practice of modernization and culture is the motive force of “culture self-consciousness”. The birth and development of “culture self-consciousness” has undergone a general process from “culture soakage” and “culture gain” to “culture comparison” and “culture reflection”, at last to the “culture self-consciousness”. The forth chapter discussed the “culture self-consciousness” in the construction of culture. Start from the background of globalization and modernization, we can realize the two main missions of “culture self-consciousness”—promoting to remodel the culture and coping with the cultural conflicts. The “culture self-consciousness” is the very method to accomplish the two missions. So, we should adhere to “culture self-consciousness” and promote the cause of culture construction successfully.The fifth chapter discussed the way of “culture更多还原