【作者】 程彬彬；

【导师】 杨士莪；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 水声工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 与传统的声压水听器相比，矢量水听器既能获得声场中的声压这一标量信息，又能获得声场中质点振速这一矢量信息，这为其信号处理带来更大的空间，因此矢量水听器及其相应的联合信息处理技术日益成为国内外科技工作者们研究的热点。本文以压差式矢量水听器为研究对象，对单个的二维压差式矢量水听器信号方位估计作了理论研究和仿真分析，运用一种基于解相关方程的方位估计方法对信号参数进行估计，该方法利用声场中声压和质点振速之间的相关性，实现了单个矢量水听器的多信号参数估计。本文主要工作如下： 1．对矢量水听器信号处理国内外研究现状进行了介绍。 2．对矢量水听器的工作原理及信号模型进行了分析和推导。重点对本文所要研究的压差式矢量水听器进行研究，并运用消声水池实测数据绘出了二维压差式矢量水听器在3KHz和5KHz下的指向性图。 3．对平面波声场中的声压和质点振速之间的相关方程进行了推导。在窄带信号下，得出了近似条件下和精确条件下的相关方程，而在宽带条件下，得出近似条件下的表达式，从理论上推导出了声压和质点振速之间的相关方程组。 4．对遗传算法原理进行了介绍，针对本文中要进行求解的问题，提出了一种改进的遗传算法，该算法与简单的遗传算法相比，能更有效的对多参数非线性方程进行求解，且对本文所要求解的声压和质点振速之间的相关方程也体现出了其优越性。 5．针对本文所运用的基于解相关方程的信号方位估计方法进行了仿真试验。该方法运用改进后的遗传算法对声压和质点振速之间的相关方程进行求解，当目标信号为窄带时，对不同代价函数下遗传算法对信号的方位和强度估计进行了比较，并对信噪比、方位角变化时该方法的估计结果进行了仿真研究。对目标信号为宽带时进行了理论验证。更多还原

【Abstract】 Compared with the pressure hydrophone, vector transducer can provide both the information about pressure (scalar quantity) and particle velocity (vector quantity) of the sound field, which offers more possibilities for signal processing. So vector transducer and its signal processing have attracted the attention of researchers both native and foreign. In this thesis, a method of correlation equations for pressure gradient transducer is presented, and the estimation of multi-signal parameters with single vector transducer is given. The main contents are:1. Introduce researches about signal processing of the vector transducer both native and foreign.2. Study the working principle of the vector transducer, mainly for two-dimensional pressure-gradient transducer. And the experimental results for directional pattern of two-dimensional pressure-gradient vector transducer at frequency 3kHz and 5kHz are given.3. Deduce the relationship between sound pressure and particle velocity in plane wave. Get the approximate and the accurate correlation equations of pressure and velocity for narrowband signal, and the approximate correlation equation for broadband signal.4. Introduce the method of the Genetic Algorithms, and perform an improvement. Compared with the Simple Genetic Algorithms, the new improved Genetic Algorithms works more efficiently.5. Give some simulations about the DOA (Direction-Of-Arrival) estimation based on system of correlation equations. While the improved Genetic Algorithms was used. Comparison of the accuracy of estimation for different objective function and different values of SNR are given with narrowband signal. And validate of this method for broadband signal is also checked.更多还原