我国再就业劳动力市场研究

【作者】 谌春玲；

【导师】 郭慧敏；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 我国由计划经济体制向社会主义市场经济体制的转变影响了经济生活的方方面面。自从我国确立经济体制改革的目标是建立社会主义市场经济体制的目标以来，国有企业改革成为整个改革的重点。而国有企业改革的目标是建立现代企业制度，逐步树立企业的市场主体地位。由此，带来的一个直接后果就是大批职工“下岗”。下岗职工再就业问题则成为中国社会乃至国际社会关注的焦点。为了维护社会的公平和稳定，政府开始推行“再就业工程”，采取失业救助、转业培训、生产自救等一系列措施帮助他们重新就业，实际上形成了一个政府主导的再就业劳动力市场。在我国劳动力市场发育不完善、劳动就业体制改革滞后的情况下，这些措施产生了积极的作用，但是也存在不少问题。 本文的研究正是在这样的背景下展开的。本文希望通过对再就业劳动力市场的多角度、全方位的分析，寻找它的发展脉络和最终走向，并且探讨它和全国统一的劳动力市场的关系。无疑，这对于我国劳动力市场建设来说，是具有重要意义的。 全文共分为五个部分。在文章的第一部分，作者介绍了选题的背景，并且总结了国内外劳动力市场研究的重要成果，为后文的论述做了铺垫。第二章着重分析了再就业劳动力市场的产生原因，指出在经济体制改革带来“下岗”和失业的情况下，社会保障体系缺位，就业促进体系薄弱，下岗职工再就业困难。而政府出于稳定性偏好，承担了推动再就业的工作。再就业劳动力市场就是再就业工程实施的载体。这样一个劳动力市场所具有的性质和功能与真正的劳动力市场有所不同。第三章结合作者的调查对这个问题进行了分析。在论文的第四章，作者分析了劳动力供给主体和需求主体的规模和结构，并且从双方的立场出发，用成本—收益理论说明了供给大于需求的原因。尽管再就业劳动力市场建设取得了一些成就，但是它的带有一定计划性的就业促进手段是不符合劳动力市场最终发展目标的。因此，第五章论述了再就业劳动力市场的过渡性，并且提出它最终将被一个完善的、统一的劳动力市场所替代。更多还原

【Abstract】 The transform from the planned economy system to the market economy system in China has influenced the whole economy in every aspect. The state-owned enterprises reform has been its emphasis since the goal of the system reform was established. Furthermore, the goal of the state-owned enterprises reform is to establish the modern enterprise institution and to form their subject positions gradually. And then, the reform resulted in quantities of "layoff workers. Consequently, how to solve the re-employment problem became a focus by china society and also the international society. In order to keep the equitableness and stableness in China, the government began to carry out "the re-employment project" and help them to find a new job by means of unemployment salvation, trans-job training and production self-salvation, etc. In fact, the government has promoted to set up a kind of re-employment labor market for the layoff workers. Under such circumstances as the employment system reform had lagged behind other reforms, this market has produced some positive results. Meanwhile, it was not perfect.This is the background of my thesis. This thesis wants to find the history, the the re-employment market’s history and its prospect in several ways, and discuss the relationship between it and an integrated labor market. I believe what I have done is important and significant.There are five parts in the paper. In the first part, I introduce the background of my subject, and summarize the domestic and foreign labor market theories that are the foundation of my analyses. I analyze the reasons of the establishment of the re-employment labor market in the second part. They are economy reform, lack social security system, non-sturdyness of employment promotion, and the government’s preference of equitableness. The characteristics and functions of such a market are different from a real labor market. I explain the differences in the third part. In the forth part, I emphasize on the supply party and demand party and list their scales andconstructions. At the same time, some reasons about these two parties’ choices are raised. In the last part, I want to say that this labor market is transitional. It will be replaced by an integrated labor market.更多还原