高速分离机现场整机动平衡软件开发与研究

【作者】 余鹏飞；

【导师】 贺世正； 杨健；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 化工过程机械， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 碟式分离机和卧式螺旋卸料沉降离心机是两种化工、食品等行业广泛使用的高速回转机械。由于它们特殊的结构设计和高速下连续输料、排料的工作特性，对他们在工作转速下的转子动平衡有很高的要求。现场动平衡技术以其灵活，便捷、经济的特点在我国被广泛的用于这两类高速回转机械的动平衡。 目前用于上述两类机器的动平衡测试仪器基本上还是以单片机类型为主，可以完成回转机械转子振动信号的测试测量，获取校正质量信息。但在使用灵活性、功能扩展性等方面明显不足。最近几年，基于DSP技术的单片机类型的动平衡仪的开发一定程度上对其功能上的不足进行了弥补。囿于高速DSP芯片昂贵的价格，用于动平衡测试仪器的开发成本太高，而且它依然不能解决对传统仪器功能进行灵活扩充的目的。 随着基于计算机的测试测量技术的发展，以计算机为平台，开发具备“虚拟仪器”概念的动平衡测试仪器成为解决传统仪器诸多功能缺陷的必然要求。本文详细介绍了利用测试测量业界最权威的图形编程语言LabVIEW开发“基于PC机的高速回转机械现场动平衡测试仪”的内容，该测试仪器适用于Windows XP／2000／NT／Me／98操作系统。 它是针对上述两种高速回转机械的动平衡特点，以二者各自专用的动平衡理论、数字信号处理技术以及高效的数据采集技术为基础，利用LabVIEW在信号分析、信号处理以及数据信号显示等方面的强大功能开发成功的虚拟测试仪器。具有对振动信号实时采集分析、测试精度高、误差小、功能易扩展、仪器面板显示专业、直观、灵活的特点。可以在整个测试过程同步观察信号波形和振动数据情况，记录、回放整个测试过程的振动数据，有效的进行动平衡数据管理，自动生成专业的Office文档格式测试报告，对波形、矢量瓦显示控件进行bmp、jpg等图象格式文件保存，进行远程数据采集分析。 该测试仪器除了能对碟式分离机和卧式螺旋卸料沉降离心机进行动平衡外，还可以对普通单校正面、普通双校正面转子系统进行动平衡。由于具备实时采集分析功能，还可以作为进行频谱分析的故障分析仪器使用。 经实验室测试和现场考核，该测试仪器功能稳定，操作简单易学，平衡效果理想，达到产品化开发要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 Dish centrifugal separator (DCS) and Horizontal Decanter Centrifuge (HDC) are two kinds of high-speed rotating machines widely used in chemical engineering and food industry. Due to their special structure design and characteristic that ceaselessly input and output material under high-speed work condition, higher requests of rotor dynamic balancing both are necessarily at work rotate speed. Because of the virtues of agility, simpleness and economy, the field whole-machine dynamic balancing technology is applied widely to these kinds of machines inChina.Now the preferred dynamic balancing measurement instruments used for the two kinds of machines mentioned above mainly belong to the category of singlechip. Although these kinds of instruments can measure the vibration signals of rotating machines, obtain the information of emendation mass, they obviously lack some peculiarities, for instance, the agility, function extending and so on. In recent years, the development of dynamic balancing measurement instrument based on DSP has made up those deficiencies at some certain extent. But the expensive cost of DSP limit the application of this kind of instrument. Furthermore it still solve the problem of function real time extending.With the development of measurement technology based on computer, the research and development of dynamic balancing instrument based on virtual instrument have become the trend, which use computer as the workbench and resolve the problem of traditional instrument. So, in this thesis I detailedly dissertate the whole process of developing a set of dynamic balancing measurement instrument for high-speed rotary machine based on PC, which was developed in Lab VIEW, a standard development studio in measurement industry ,and can work in Windows XP/2000/NT/Me/98 OS.This set of instrument is one kind of virtual instrument that was developed with the powerful function of signal analysis, signal manage , data and signal vision etc in Lab VIEW, which aims directly at the characteristics of DCS and HDC and based on each special dynamic balancing theory , digital signal process technology and high efficiency data acquisition technology. It’s virtues include real-time acquisition and analysis of vibration signal, high measurement precision and little error, easily function extending, intuitionistic, professional and agility instrument panel vision and so on. During measurement, operator can synchronously observes the signal waveform and vibration datum, records and reviews measurement datum of whole measurement processimpactful manage measurement datum, automatically build measurement record with Office document format, save waveform and vector diagram as bmp and jpg image file format, execute remote data acquisition and analysis.The instrument can work for general signal emendation plate and double emendation plate except of DCS and HDC. Due to have the function of real time data acquisition and analysis, it also work as fault-diagnostic instrument that execute the function of spectrum analysis.It has proved mat the instrument possesses stable function, simply is operated and easy is mastered in laboratory and at measurement locale. The balancing result is also satisfaction. So it has been sold as a product.更多还原