【作者】 谢梅娣；

【导师】 冯勋伟；

【作者基本信息】 东华大学 ， 纺织工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 当今时代，休闲、运动、健身成为一种生活时尚，人们对服装的内在品质有了更高的要求。消费者对服装的要求不仅从外表追求美观，对舒适性的要求也越来越高。近年来，服装舒适性的研究，特别是如何快速排汗，已引起业内学者的关注。因此，导湿快干针织面料的性能研究和开发有着重要的意义。 本课题研究分为两大内容：一是收集了4种异形截面和圆形截面的长丝、2种异形截面和圆形截面的短纤纱、3种不同混纺比的异形截面涤纶和棉的混纺纱以及棉纱作为试样原料，从亲水处理、纤维异形度、涤棉混纺比等方面研究针织物的导湿快干性能；二是将先进的数字图像处理技术引入纺织领域，利用数字图像处理技术来测试润湿面积，以提高测试精度，为进一步研究针织物导湿机理作准备。 本论文的主要研究工作如下： 1．在单面大园机上编织4种单面纬平针织物，并对织物进行不同的后整理(作亲水处理和不作亲水处理)，研究和探讨毛细管数量及亲水处理对聚酯针织物导湿性能的影响。 2．在双面大园机上编织11种双面双罗纹织物，以研究纤维截面形状、涤棉混纺比对针织物导湿快干性能的影响。 3．通过滴液法和垂直芯吸法对双罗纹织物进行了液态水传导性能的研究。 4．对双罗纹织物进行了快干性能的测试和分析。 5．运用摄像装置拍摄织物润湿全过程，并通过计算机编程对图像进行一系列处理(图像的灰度修正、图像的平滑、图像的二值化处理、润湿面积的计算等)，以提高测试精度。 通过多项研究和理论分析，得出以下结论： 1．亲水剂对聚酯织物的导湿性能起了重要作用。较难被润湿的织物，仅增加纤维中的孔洞，并不能明显改善其导湿性。 2．液态水在纯涤纶、涤棉和纯棉针织物中垂直方向传导时， Laughlin方程t匕washburn方程适应性更强。 3.聚酷针织物经亲水处理后，异形纤维能形成毛细管越多，织物导湿能力就越好。 4.在导湿纤维中加入棉纤维对短时间内液态水在垂卜直方向的传导不利，却能减慢液态水在垂直方向上的传导速度的衰减程度，但不能改善其在水平方向的传导速度。 5.针织物的快速干燥能力与织物的润湿面积密切相关，润湿面积越大，织物与空气接触面越大，千燥能力越强。 6.非线性对数变换能使润湿图像中润湿区域的细节得到加强同时又能压缩背景区域的灰度(非润湿区域); 7.中值滤波一方面能消除润湿图像中的噪声，另一方面还能避免润湿区域边缘模糊。 8.嫡阀值最大化分割法适合解决润湿图像分割，能良好地分离润湿区域与背景区域。 9.图像处理技术能较好地实现提高润湿面积的测试精度。更多还原

【Abstract】 The leisure, sport and outdoor exercise are becoming increasingly popular nowadays. Consumers require the garments to have not only the pleasant looking of new pattern and also the inner properties, particularly the wearing comfort. The researchers in the textile filed have paid more attention to the garment comfortable, especially how sweat is transfer to the outer quickly in the recent years. It is essential to study on liquid transportability of knitted fabrics.The experimental arrangement and its theoretical analysis are described in the first part of the thesis. The yarns used in these experiments cover a quite wide range in cross-section, that is, 4 PE profile filament fiber, 2 staple PE profile fiber and one of which is blended with cotton. Another part is that the advanced digital image analysis techniques are introduced to textile filed. The wetted area is measured by digital image analysis techniques in order to improve measurement precision and study on the theory of liquid transportability of knitted fabrics further. The follow methods are used:1. Four single fabrics are treated by hydrophilically and unhydrophilically , respectively. The drop method is used to study the effects of fabric surface properties and the sum of capillaries on water transport properties.2. Eleven double-faces fabrics are knitted for studying the effects of cross-section and the different blending ratio of polyester to cotton on water transport properties and drying ability.3. Water transport properties of the double-face fabrics are tested by drop method and strip method.4. Drying Ability of the double-face fabrics are tested and analyzed.5. The images of the wetting processes are photoed quickly and treated by means of program to improve measurement precision.The following results can be derived from experimental data:1. It is very important that polyester knitted fabrics should be treated by Hydrophilically to improving their liquid transportability. The liquid transportability of fabrics with large contact angle cannot be improved by increasing the sum of capillaries only.2. The Laughlin’s equation can describe in longitudinal wicking kinetics of polyester weft fabrics, T/C blended weft fabrics and cotton weft fabrics better than Washburn’s equation.3. After polyester weft fabrics treated by hydrophilically, the more the sum of capillaries in the noncircular fiber are, the better the liquid transportability of knitted fabrics is. .4. The T/C blended knitted fabrics is not greater in the longitudinal distance of liquid advancement in short time, but delay the decrease in the longitudinal transport-velocity and do not improve the horizontal liquid transportability.5. The drying ability of the knitted fabrics has a good relationship with their wetting area. The bigger the wetting area is, the bigger the area contacting with air is, and the better the drying ability is.6. The logarithm transforms can enhance the wetting area and compression the non-wetting area.7. The median-filter can not only cut down the image noise but also retain the outline of wetting area.8. The threshold by maximal entropy is solved to the wetting image segmentation.9. Digital image analysis techniques can be used to improve measurement precision.更多还原