【作者】 陈平；

【导师】 张宗益；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 工商管理， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 改革开放以来，中国经济增长迅速，这和外商直接投资分不开。外国资本的进入影响着重庆工业经济。本文利用2002年，全重庆市约150家外商投资工业企业的数据，对外商直接投资对重庆工业经济的影响进行实证分析，分析重庆工业企业的外资使用效果。结果表明，重庆的工业制造业企业中，有外商直接投资的企业，随着外商资本投入的增加，企业的产出(增加值)增加，外资对重庆工业制造业中外商投资企业经济以及重庆的工业经济有促进作用。但是重庆的外商投资资本量很低，外资质量不高，对外资的消化利用质量也不高，表现在外商直接投资的弹性系数明显低于国内资产的弹性系数，外资和内资在增加相同数量投入的情况下，内资能带来企业更多的产出增长，即是说外资的“含金量”并不比内资高。我们并未通过外商直接投资引进国外先进技术，从而取得促进产业技术进步的显著成效，在管理和营销上也没有取得令人满意的成效。比较而言，外资对重庆工业制造业中外商投资企业经济的影响并不显著，对重庆工业制造业经济以及对整个重庆工业经济的影响同样也不显著。 重庆外资增长对企业产出增长的“驱动力”相对较差，说明有些外资的质量并不是期望的那么优秀，是不是真正意义上的外资，还是一个值得多加关注的问题。我们应该加强投资环境建设，强化区域优势；逐步减少并最终消除外商直接投资的“超国民待遇”和“非国民待遇”，实行统一的国民待遇；加强外商直接投资的产业导向，将外商投资项目分成鼓励、允许、限制等类型，这有利于避免过度投资，增强合理竞争和培育民族企业；充分考虑和利用重庆丰富的自然资源和大量廉价的劳动力和土地，采取措施吸引资本和技术密集型外商直接投资，鼓励劳动密集型投资，加快重庆开发；加强对外商投资企业的管理，有选择性的，高质量的引进外资，同时对外开放的领域要保持外商投资来源的多样化，形成外商之间的竞争关系；努力培植自己的跨国公司，积极走出国门，参与全球性竞争。 重庆的实力并不雄厚，鼓励百花齐放，也不妨考虑突出重点，举全市之力，在这个外商投资群雄并起之时，在一两个行业内，利用重庆的优势产业，培育一两家能成擎天之柱的企业，走向世界，同时带动和吸引相关产业的自由发展。重庆应该借鉴东部发达地区外资引进、利用的经验，找到自己的不足，取长补短，调整外资引进的合理性与优质化，坚持“积极、合理、优质、有效”地利用外资的方针，提高利用外商直接投资的水平，抓住西部大开发的机遇，采取积极措施强化区域优势吸引外商直接投资。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since China reform and opening up to the outside world, Chinese economy increase quickly, which has close relative with foreign direct investment (FDI). The foreign capital affect Chongqing economy. In this paper, it make use of the data of more than 150 foreign investment industry enterprises in Chongqing in 2002 to analyse the affection of chongqing industrial economy for FDI and study the foreign capital’s effect of chongqing industrial economy. The result shows that in manufacturing foreign-funded enterprises with the input of the foreign capital increased the output of the enterprises increased. That means the foreign capital accelerates the economy of the foreign-funded enterprises and the economy of Chongqing industry. But the quality and the quality of Chongqing’s foreign capital is low. The quality of using the foreign capital is low too. The flexible coefficient of FDI is distinctly lower than that of domestic capital. If the increase of the foreign capital and domestic capital is the same, the output of the enterprises which the domestic capital brings is much more, that is to say the "gold content" of the foreign capital is not higher than the domestic capital. The advance technology isn’t introduce into to get the great effect of the improvement of the industry technology, administration and marketing while we use FDI. In a word, the influence of Chongqing manufacturing industrial economy for FDI is not prominent, the influence of Chongqing manufacturing industrial economy and the while Chongqing economy are also not prominent.The "driving power" of the foreign capital to the output of Chongqing enterprises is poor, it shows that the quality of the foreign capital is not so good as we expect. It is a question we should pay attention to that is it the real foreign capital or not. We should improve the investment environment and the advantages of the area. We should decrease and eliminate the "super civil treatment" and "non- civil treatment" and carry out the unified civil treatment to FDI. We should guide the directions of FDI and divide FDI into several types, such as encouragement, permission, restriction, etc. this will avoid excess investment and strengthen reasonable competition and develop ethical enterprises. We should make good use of the abundant natural resource and a great number of low-cost labour force and land to absorb capital and technology denseness the FDI. We should encourage the labour force denseness investment to speed up the opening up of Chongqing. We also should strengthen the administration of the foreign funded enterprises. We should choose and absorb the high quality foreign capital. At the sametime, we should keep the diversification of the foreign capital in the opening-up area and let them compete with each other. We should try our best to cultivate some multinational corporation (MNC) of ourselves. We should participate in the global competition actively. The strength of Chongqing is not strong enough, so we can use our predominate industry to cultivate one or two backbone enterprises when there are so many foreign investment groups. And the same time, it can bring along the development of the relative industry. Chongqing should use the experiences of the absorbing and using the foreign capital in East part of China for references and find out the disadvantages to adjust the foreign capital investment. We should insist on the "active, reasonable, high quality, effective" police to use the foreign capital. We should improve the level of the usage of the foreign direct investment. We should grasp the opportunity of opening up the Western part of China and adopt an active measure to strengthen the advantages of the area and to attract the foreign direct investment.更多还原