【作者】 姜霞；

【导师】 何文燕；

【作者基本信息】 湘潭大学 ， 诉讼法学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 在我国审判传统中，调解一直占据着重要的位置，并发挥了解决纠纷的积极作用，被国外学者誉为“东方经验”。但随着社会条件的巨大变化，程序公正观念的引进和确立，人们渐渐对我国传统的调审合一模式的合理性产生了怀疑，而且调审合一模式在实践中产生的种种弊端也让人们对其愈发不满，因为调审合一模式下调解者与审判者双重角色的合一不仅使以自愿、合法原则为基石的调解制度难以真正反映人们的意思自治与权利保护欲望，而且导致诉讼拖延，使审判公正遭到质疑。与我国法院调解所面临的尴尬境遇不同的是，西方国家“替代性纠纷解决方式”的兴起使调解制度呈现出蓬勃生机。在大陆法系国家，其民事诉讼法一般都明确规定为当事人和解属法官的职责范围，积极倡导法官在和解中的积极作用，在英美法系国家虽然立法并未明确作此类似规定，但审前准备程序中法官职权的介入，使之能积极地为当事人之间达成和解而努力。西方国家法院调解虽然也多采调审合一模式，但与我国不同的是，他们明确地将调解者与审判者隔离开，从而既达到了调解的目的，又保证了审判的公正，而这一有益经验无疑对我国法院调解制度的改革有重要的借鉴价值。在立足本国国情的基础上，笔者借鉴国外成功经验，努力寻求一条我国法院调解制度的改革之道，以期法院调解制度在新时期重新焕发生机，为解决我国法院所面临的不断攀升的纠纷压力而发挥更积极的作用，并为我国民事诉讼法典的修改和完善提供可行的立法建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 In our national trial tradition, mediation plays an important role and exerts active function of resolving disputes. So it’s called "the east experience" by foreign scholars. However, with the social conditions’ great change and the import and establishment of the idea of just proceeding, people come to suspect our national traditional mode of mediation combined with trial. And the mode’s various defects in practice make people more and more discontent with it. Because under the mode the double character-judge mixed with mediator not only can’t make the mediation system basing on the principle of voluntariness and legality reflect people’s desire of intention autonomy and rights protection, buy lead to litigation delay and to trial justice being queried. Contrast with our court mediation system’s embarrassing situation, the development of western countries’ "Alternative Dispute Resolution" makes their mediation system show flourishing appearance. In the continent law system countries, most of their civil procedure laws definitely provide it’s the judge’s duty to facilitate the litigant to mediate, and actively initiate the judge’s positive function in the mediation. Although similar provisions haven’t definitely appeared in Anglo-American law system countries’ legislation, the intervention of judge’s function and power in pretrial proceeding actively helps to arrive at the conciliation agreement between litigants. The mode of mediation combined with trial is used in western countries’ mediation, but what’s different from ours is that they definitely separate mediator from judge that attains the mediation goal and guarantees justice. This beneficial experience is undoubtedly a remedy in the reform of our court mediationsystem.On the basis of our national conditions, the author draws lessons from foreign successful experience, and tries hard to seek a reforming way for our court mediation system, in order that our court mediation system glows with vigorous look and exerts more positive function in relieving our national courts’ pressure over the enormous rising disputes. By these, the author gives practical advice on the amendment and perfection of Civil Procedure Law.更多还原