【作者】 李广平；

【导师】 曾思艺；

【作者基本信息】 湘潭大学 ， 比较文学与世界文学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 奥斯卡·王尔德是英国最著名的唯美主义代表作家。19世纪80、90年代，他博取名家之说，融会贯通前人思考的成果，逐步形成并确立其独特的唯美主义思想。并且，他身体力行，把自己的日常生活也当作唯美主义的实验地，时有着奇装异服、戴向日葵或百合花等“唯美”行径，试图实现所有超越道德的乌托邦式的唯美主义理想。王尔德站在艺术自卫的立场，用艺术的思考方式来揭示人生的困境并解决人生问题，以此来拯救现实，提升生活，并给处于畸形化的“断片”世界中的人们提供一个超越迷惘的心境，圈起一片属于心灵的土地，使之免受商品世界的污染。他强调艺术与生活的区别，艺术价值与其他价值的区别，从而赋予艺术以高度的独立地位，并且以丰富的艺术实践加以验证，表现了唯美主义者对艺术自身价值的执着追求。但在其去世后的相当长一段时间，他的这一功绩并未得到相应的重视。他的唯美理论也许未必周全，而百年后，要对他作出公正科学的评价，对我们来说不啻是一大挑战。本文在传统的王尔德个案研究的基础上，将之置于唯美的“群体”的平台上，论述了他与拉斐尔前派、佩特及波德莱尔的关系，通过比较研究来突出他在唯美主义理论中的重要作用。同时，本文还着重探讨了王尔德对唯美主义的开拓性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Oscar Wilde is one of the most famous aestheticism writer in Britain. During the 1880’s and 1890’s ,he progressively formed and established his unique idea of aestheticism by gathering theories of other famous experts and comprehensive study of predecessors’ thought achievements. Besides ,he practiced what he advocated to make his daily life a experimental land for aestheticism. For example ,by trying to realize all the beyond moral Utopia-style idea of aestheticism, sometimes, Oscar Wilde would take some aesthetical action, such as wearing exotic costume sunflower or lily. With his stand of art self-defence, Wilde discovered difficult position of life and solved life problems in an artistic thinking pattern , with which he saved reality , promoted life and provided people in a lopsided partial world a mental state of surmounting perplexity to enclose a land belonging to heart, avoiding it to be polluted by the commercial world. He emphasized the difference between art and life , art value and other value , as a result, he took art to a high independent position , and with verification of rich art practice , he showed the persistent pursuit to art’s own value of aesthete. But during a rather long time after his death, actually his such great achievement wasn’t paid appropriate attention. His theory of aestheticism may be not comprehensive ,and one hundred years later, it is a great challenge for us to set a fair and scientific value to his theory . Basing on traditional research on Wilde’s case, this paper puts it into the stage of aesthetic "group" ,and takes up the relations between Wilde and Pre-Raphaelitism ,Walter Pater ,Charles Baudelaive . By comparative research it emphasizes his vital role in aestheticism theory and approaches his pioneering quality to aestheticism in particular.更多还原