【作者】 李剑峰；

【导师】 林香民；

【作者基本信息】 福州大学 ， 环境工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 旅游越来越成为我国的一大新兴产业。随着旅游业的发展，应该注意在旅游活动中的日益增加的安全问题。目前，国内外对旅游安全的研究往往侧重于旅游活动中的犯罪研究，以一个社会问题去揭示它，研究它，使广大旅游者能识别罪犯的活动规律，这是很重要的旅游安全研究。但是对于旅游安全来说，这仅是一个方面；另一个方面应该是研究旅游过程中客观存在的不安全因素所造成的旅游伤亡事故。这就要求我们应该选择旅游中客观存在的重大危险源为研究的突破点，应用当今最新的安全研究理论对旅游安全进行系统研究，提高重大危险源的辨识能力，从而采取各种措施进行控制，使旅游活动伤亡事故降低到社会所能接受的程度。旅游业作为一项产业，有其自身的特殊性。本文应用安全系统工程领域内的研究方法，并结合分析大量已经发生的案例，即分析旅游过程中客观存在的不安全因素所造成的伤亡事故，辨识旅游重大危险源；针对旅游重大危险源的特点，提出了分级控制的控制策略，即对于不同级别的危险因素采取不同的控制方法，集中有限的资源对危险源实施控制；对高级别的危险源，以“安全系统工程”和“安全人机工程”为基本理论，运用多种数学方法建立相应的数学模型加以描述；进一步借助计算机工具，实现对旅游重大危险源定性和定量评价。20世纪70年代以来，由于重大事故的不断发生，预防和控制重大事故已成为各国重大研究对象之一，引起了国际社会的广泛重视。国内外事故预防的实践经验证明：为了有效预防重大事故的发生，降低事故造成的损失，必须建立重大危险源控制系统。为了系统地进行旅游业的安全管理，本文设计了旅游重大危险源宏观监控系统。同时，在新形势下，旅游安全管理必须与日常的旅游管理融合运行。一方面，可以减少人力、物力、财力的投入；另一方面，在必要时，可以扩展系统功能实现旅游经营管理的信息化；通过旅游业的发展，获取足够的资金用于改善旅游安全状况，即互相促进，共同发展。本文要建立的旅游重大危险源监控系统最终定位在以行政监察、社会监督和救灾救援体系为主的宏观危险源管理系统。更多还原

【Abstract】 Tourism becomes a new and developing industry . With the development of tourism , it is inevitable to pay attention to the increasing safety problem in tourist activities.Nowadays , the researches in tourism safety lay particular emphasis on the study on the criminal behavior in tourist activities . To study the regular pattern of tourist activities as a social problem is an important aspect to tourism safety research which is instrumental to the identification of the law in tourist activities for tourists . But , as for tourism safety , this is just an aspect . The other orientation of tourism safety research lies in unsafe factors existing objectively which lead to tourist injuries and deaths . For this aim , we should select the major hazard installations in tourism as the point of penetration , apply the up-to-date theory in safety engineering to the systematic research in tourism safety and improve the abilities of distinguishing major hazard installations in tourism . we can adopt kinds of controlling measures to reduce the casualties in tourist activities into the acceptable level of the society .As an industry , tourism possesses its particular features . The dissertation utilizes the research method in safety engineering along with lots of instances to distinguish the major hazard installations in tourism . In connection with the features of tourism major hazard installations , the thesis puts forward tactics of classified control , that is to say , different control methods are associated with dangerous factors with different degree , which attribute to concentrate limited resources on implementation of the control of the major hazard installations . As to high degree major installations , the thesis built up many mathematical models to describe them based on safety engineering and ergonomics . Moreover , with the help of computer , the qualitative and quantitative assessment comes to realize .From 1970’s , owing to the incessant occurring of major accidents , prevention and control of hazard installations turned out to be a primary research orientation of many countries and attracted pervasive interests. The experiences of prevention of accidents show that in order to prevent effectively accidents and reduce the damage ,it is necessary for us to build up major hazard installations control system .For the systematic management of tourism safety, this thesis design the tourism major hazard installations macroscopic supervision system . At the same time , in the new era , the introjections of business management and safety management is indispensable for the tourism administration . On one hand , it is in favor of reduction of manpower 、material resources and financial aids . On the other hand , if it is essential , it is propitious for administrators to expand the system’s function to realize computer aided tourism management . Via the development of tourism , it can provide sufficient fund to better the status of tourism safety . So , the tourism major hazard installations macroscopic supervision system oriented to administrative supervision、social inspection and social salvation .更多还原