论我国农业产业结构的调整与优化发展

【作者】 汪细伍；

【导师】 罗能生；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 政治经济学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 对农业产业结构进行战略性调整，既是增加农民收入、促进农村经济发展的迫切要求，也是加入WTO增强我国农业国际竞争力的客观要求。近几年来，农业产业结构调整取得一定成效，但仍存在一些亟待解决的问题：生产结构单一，产品结构层次低；加工业滞后，农产品增值困难；经营方式落后，难以形成规模经营；缺乏科学的区域布局以及政府行为不规范、市场发育不健全等等。要解决目前存在的问题，就必须进一步深化改革，调整和完善农业产业结构。在调整农业产业结构时，应遵循一定的原则，这些原则有：农民主体性原则，市场导向原则，农业产业化原则等。其调整的内容和要求主要有：(一)优化农产品品种、品质；(二)调整农业产业内部构成；(三)进行合理的产业区域布局。 在调整农业产业结构的同时，还应该积极优化农业产业的发展水平。促进农业产业优化发展有诸多方面内容，主要包括：发展农产品加工业，延长产业链；实现农产品增值；扶持和培育大型龙头企业，提高农民组织化程度；大力实施科教兴农战略，推广农业标准化生产；加强国际合作交流，使农业产业发展水平得到优化提高等。调整和优化发展农业产业结构还必须完善一系列相关机制、政策和法律，健全农业产业的服务体系，这主要就是要完善农村土地承包制，建立合理的土地流转制度；完善税费改革，最大限度地减轻农民负担；政府加大财政支农力度，形成完善的支农金融格局，健全农业价格保护政策，建立农业法律体系。同时，通过农业专业、批发市场的建设，农业信息服务体系建设，农产品质量认证、检测体系建设，农产品缓冲储备体系和农业保险制度建设，来健全和完善的农村市场体系和产业服务体系。更多还原

【Abstract】 It goes on and readjust strategically to agricultural industrial structures bring about an advance in rural economy while increasing the peasant income require urgently, also the accession to the WTO that strengthens the requiring objectively of international competitiveness of agriculture of our country. In recent years, agricultural industrial structure adjustment has made certain effect, but some problems urgently waiting to be solved exist: The production structure is single, the level of product structure is low, the processing industry lags behind, The management style lags behind, difficult to form the appropriate scale of operation, not lacking the scientific regional overall arrangement and government behavior isn’t standard, market development are imperfect. Should solve the question that exist at present, while adjusting the agricultural industrial structure, should follow certain principle, There are these principles: the principle of adhering to peasant’s entity, the principle of leading the markets, agricultural industrialization principle, etc. Agricultural industrial structure adjustment adjust and form inside the agricultural industry in order to optimize the variety of agricultural product, quality, Carry on the rational industry the regional overall arrangement is main content and request.The countermeasure have a great deal of respect content to adjust and optimize the structure of agricultural industry: Develop processing industry of the agricultural product, lengthen the industry chain, improve the scientific and technological content of processing industry, realize agricultural product appreciation, through supporting and cultivate the large-scale leading enterprise, improve a peasant and organize the degree of melting, construct the department and educates and revitalize agricultural strategy in fact, popularize agricultural standardization production, and strengthen international cooperation to exchange, make agricultural industry development levels get excellently melt and improve. Adjust and optimize the structure of agricultural industry, can adopt the form of " peasant household of the company" and sets up rational land and circulates the system, It finishes good expenses of taxation reforms propose and exempt and exempt and increase income according to the income, In addition, the government should increase supporting agriculture in finance, form perfect propping up the agricultural financial pattern, and perfect the agricultural priceprotective policy, set up agricultural legal system. Though the building the agricultural speciality, wholesale market It sets up agricultural information service system constructions, agricultural product quality authentication, measure system construction, The system and agriculture of the buffer stock of agricultural product are protected dangerous institutional improvement, sound and perfect rural market system, industry service system.更多还原