基于多种通讯机制下网络教学模式的研究

【作者】 李宝敏；

【导师】 王吉庆；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 课程与教学论， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 计算机网络给学校带来的是一场教育生产力的革命，它所引起的是整个教育观念、教学环境、教学方法、教学组织形式、教学手段，教育中人与人的关系，教与学中各种行为的变化。如何在网络环境下有效地实施教与学，是值得研究与探索的新课题，也是当前教育技术领域及学校教学中倍受瞩目的焦点。哈拉西姆(Harasim)等人指出：“计算机与通讯技术相互交叉，日臻成熟而形成的网络技术业已成为教育中的一种新生力量，它带来的是传统教学模式的根本变化：一套新的模式、一整套在新的学习环境中成功地进行学习的规则以及伴随而来的一个个新的希望与期待。”网络教学与传统教学很大不同就是学习环境的不同，网络学习环境(NLE，Networked Learning Environment)是一种具有多种通讯机制更有利于学习者进行建构性学习的环境。在不同通讯手段的支持下，网络教学会更为有效地开展和实施。事实上，网络教学以因特网上丰富的资源为依托，借助于各种通讯介质、网络互连设备、通讯协议以及网络通讯技术与通讯手段来实施教学与学习活动。在网络通讯技术与通讯手段的支持下，教学模式不仅日趋丰富，而且原有教学模式更加优化，从自主探究式学习，到协作化学习、基于资源的学习，原有的讲授型教学模式、问题解决型教学模式、案例研究型教学模式更加完善，并呈现出新的特点。 从当前网络教学的应用对象看，主要有两种类型，一类是与中小学课堂教学相结合而实施的网络教学，另一类是各网络大学开展的网络远程教学。随着“校校通”工程建设规模的不断扩大，寻求与中小学课堂教学相结合的网络教学模式，以大面积提高教育质量是当务之急，建构科学而行之有效的网络教学模式以推动网络教学的发展，促进教育信息化进程，具有十分重要的现实意义。同时，国家也在大力投资开展面向成人的远程教育，构建终身教育体系，探索网络教学模式对推动远程教育的发展也具有深远的现实意义。 本文从网络通讯机制的角度来分析网络教学模式与策略，对网络教学中的通讯机制理论与基于不同网络通讯机制支持下网络教学模式从理论与实践两个方面进行论述与探讨。 本文主要探讨与中小学课堂相结合的网络教学模式，包括：案例教学模式、资源型教学模式、讲授型教学模式、问题型教学模式、专题研究型教学模式，自主探究学习模式、协作学习模式，有时也会涉及到远程教育中的教学模式问题。 随着计算机网络通讯、人工智能技术的发展，信息技术与现代教学理论的结合，以及网络教学在实践中的广泛应用，会推动教学模式的日益丰富，这篇论文只是我对网络教学研究的一个开端，许多方面研究的不够深入，我衷心渴求来自各位学者同仁的意见与指导，我会以此为起点，在今后的工作与学习中进一步深入地研究下去。更多还原

【Abstract】 Computer network brings prolificacy revolution to the instruction . It-leads to change in many aspects, including education ideas, instruction environments, teaching methods, instruction organizing form, the relationship among persons and all kinds of actions in the instruction. How to affectively develop the network instruction. It is a new task which is worth researching and discussing. It is focusing attention upon the fields of educational technology and teaching. Harasim pointed out, ’The cross between computer and communication technology and more and more mature in network technology has become the fresh strength in education. It leads to the transformation of the traditional instruction model: a series of new models, a set of successful learning rules in new learning environment, new hopes and expectations in the following. The difference between network instruction and traditional instruction is network learning environment (NLE). NLE is a constructive environment that is convenient to study for students and have much communication functions. In the different communication means supporting, the network instruction not only becomes more enriching, but also the old teaching method becomes more perfect, from the self-query learning model to the cooperative learning model, the resource-based teaching model. The lecture teaching model, the problem-based teaching model and the case-based teaching model become more perfect. They all appear many new traits.From the viewpoint on application objects of network instruction, there are two primary types: one is integration with classes in school, the other is distance learning in network education college. With the project of "school to school connection" spreads, it is required to seek the network instruction model integrated with class instruction. It is very important to construct scientific and effective network model in order to promote the network instruction and facilitate education information process. Meanwhile our country invests to develop distance learning. Searching network instruction model is very important to improve distance education.This dissertation analyzes the instruction model and strategies from network communication mechanism viewpoint. It discusses in theory and practice aspects.With the development of computer network communication, intelligent technology, information technology combined with modern instruction theory, and network instruction applied in practice, it will make the instruction model more and more perfect. This dissertation is only my beginning in network instruction research. Many aspects are not deep and complete. I aspire after the advice and guidance from scholars and experts. I will continue to study in future.更多还原