高中语文阅读教学审美化初探

【作者】 王力；

【导师】 傅亚蔗；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 课程与教学论， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 阅读教学是民族文化的载体，也是整个语文教育的重心和基础。阅读教学将对弘扬进步文化，提高国民素质起到重要作用。阅读教学可使学生具备一定的阅读能力，为学生学习其他学科奠定基础；为学生走出学校，走向未来的社会生活奠定基础；为学生一生的可持续发展奠定基础。高中语文阅读教学质量的高低，将直接影响到学生思维智慧的生成、未来的生活能力和生活质量。21世纪，语文阅读教学目标的方向正确与否，教育效果的成败优劣将直接影响到中国国民的素质，影响到未来人才的质量，影响到中国的进步和发展。 《2000年中国教育改革和发展纲要》明确指出：“美育对于培养学生健康的审美观念和审美能力，陶冶高尚的道德情操，培养全面发展的人才，具有重要作用。要提高认识，发挥美育在教育教学中的作用。”新《语文教学大纲》也指出：“在教学中，要开拓学生视野，发展学生智力，激发学生热爱祖国语言文字的感情，培养学生健康的审美情趣。”高中语文阅读教材，负载着丰富的情感、深邃的思想和人类绵绵不绝的文明，承载着鲜明的人文性。只有将美注入语文阅读教学，才能去掉旧有课堂的苍白和枯燥，才能使语文课堂成为一个涌动着真情，充溢着美感，焕发着生命活力的磁场，才能使学生逐渐具有审美欣赏、审美表现和审美创造能力，才能使学生的智力得到发展，良好的人格品质行为得到培养，才能提高学生各方面的素质，促进其身心的全面发展。 本文探索方向就是如何将阅读教学与美有机地结合起来，在保证阅读教学效果和提高阅读教学效率的同时，使学生的审美能力、思维能力得到发展，人格品质得到培养。在研究的过程中，本文力图超越以往的美育渗透教育，按照完整、和谐、有序、自由、愉悦等美的原则，对阅读教学的各组成部分进行审美转化，将其由原来的非审美状态转化为审美状态，从而使阅读教学本身变成一种“美”。具体探讨的内容包括高中语文阅读教学审美化的内涵、意义;高中语文阅读教学审美化教学设计，即阅读教学目标、教学内容、教学方法的审美化设计意义、设计原则和内容构成。文章后半部附有审美化审计教案一篇，教后一记一篇，用此对论文的主要精神及笔者的具体实践进行微观的、具体的展示。更多还原

【Abstract】 Readig teaching is the carrier inhational culture as well as the core and Fundation in the whole Chinese langage and literatiure education. Reading Teaching will also play an important part in developing advancing culture And improving the national quality. On the other hand, reading teaching will make the students gain a certain kind of reading ability so that they will get a Solid foundation in learning other subjects,facing the future life of society when they leave school and the continuable developing in their whole life. Whether the quality in reading teaching for Chinese in sinior middle schools is Exerllent or not will durectly have an effect on the reation of students’ wisdom In thinking, their living abilities and their living qualities in the future. In the 21st century, whether the direction in reading teaching is correct or not and the results are a success or a failure will directly have an effect on the qualities of Chinese citizens, the qualified people in the future and, the most important, the progress and development in China.It is clearly emphasized in the National Programme For Eductional Reform and Development(NPERD)in 2000, that aesthetic education plays an important part in cultivating students’healthy conception of aeththetic judgement, moulding their noble morals and sentiments as well as cultivating qualified people who are developing in all aspects. In order to make our knowledge improved and give full play to aesthetic education in teaching, it is also pointed out in New Chinese Language and Literature Progamme(NCLLP) that "In teaching, students’field of vision must be widened, the intelegence must be developed, the feeling of students’ loving their native language and writing must be aroused and the students’ healthy temperatement and interest in aesthestic judgement must be cultivated." The Chinese reading materials for sinior middle school carry rich emotions, deep thoughts, human’s continous cultures and distinctive character of human and culture. Only should we fill the class teaching with aesrhetic education, we are able to get rid of the paleness and dullness in oldteaching approach, able to make the Chinese class into a megnetic field which is filled with true feelings, sense of beauty activeness of life, able to make students get to appreciate what is beauty, know how to express beauty and how to create beauty, able to make students’intelegence well developed and their morals and behaviors well delveloped, and able to make students’qualities in all aspects improved as well as their body and heart.The research direction of this thesis lies in how we should combine oganically reading teaching with aesthetic educaton and how, under the condition of ensuring high teaching effects, we should make students’ aesthetic judgement and thinking abilities developed as well as their charaters and morals cultivated. During the reserch, this thesis is trying to overpass the permeated educating to aesthetic education which used to be done before and is trying to transform all the parts in reading teaching to aesthetic judgement according to the principle of comleteness, harmony, order, freedom pleasure which are regarded as beauty so that we can make the reading teaching itself anappreciation of beauty. The main topics of the reseaerch include the intension and significance of aesthetic education in Chinese reading teaching in sinior middle school and the design of the teaching of aesthetic judgement through reading, which is the teaching target , teaching programmes, the significance of the design in teaching approach and formation of the design principle and its contents. The latter part of the thesis encloses a teaching plan for aesthetic education through reading and an article of post teaching so as to show the main spirits of the thesis and the author’s practices on them.更多还原