【作者】 翁守辉；

【导师】 王维；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳工业大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 在异形螺杆包络铣削过程中常见的问题是刀具磨损而导致加工的异形螺杆尺寸精度降低，严重者将不能满足加工精度的要求并降低生产率。为了保证螺杆自动化加工的顺利进行，关键技术之一就是对加工过程的刀具磨损进行监测并实现尺寸补偿。对刀具磨损状态监测和补偿可以降低制造成本、保证产品质量、同时能够提高螺杆的加工自动化程度。因此，异形螺杆自动化加工中刀具磨损状态监测与补偿的研究有重要的意义。 在异形螺杆铣削过程中，刀具磨损状态的在线监测及自动尺寸补偿的实现，关键技术是分析加工过程中反映刀具磨损信号并选择合适的有用信号，特别是工件径向尺寸变化量直观的反映刀具的磨损状况。通过对其信号的采集，信号的处理，从而提取有用的信号。使其作为开关量触发数字控制系统中的PLC，从而启动数控系统中的刀补程序。本论文中提出了以刀具长度补偿的补偿办法来实现刀补。此方法是在数控螺杆加工铣床中针对刀具磨损进行自动补偿的一个新的尝试。 在刀具磨损在线监测与尺寸补偿实现的过程中，首先选用合适的测量传感器，对异形螺杆径向尺寸变化量进行测量，其径向尺寸变化量反映刀具的磨损量。综合考虑测量精度、经济性及现有条件选用中原量仪厂生产的DGB—5A电感式测微仪作为实验中的传感器，这是一种接触式传感器，可以直接测得工件径向尺寸变化量。在补偿过程中充分利用NUM系统中的数控装置和嵌入式可编程控制器之间的通讯关系，采用了刀具长度补偿的办法编制了刀补程序进行刀补。从而达到了满足了加工精度的要求和完成了自动化加工过程。 综上所述，本文应用了传感器技术、数字信号处理技术、机械设计理论及技术等理论，并将这些理论用于螺杆加工中刀具磨损的监控和尺寸补偿。在实验中得到了满意的结果。本论文为此类工件在铣削过程中刀具磨损及尺寸补偿提供了理论基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 The most common problem in the process of milling special spiral rod is the tool wearing leads to the weaking of the dimension precision, seriously the cutting precision can be satisfied and the productivity is lowered. To ensure the automatic manufacture runs smoothly, one of the key techniques to fulfill dimension compensation by inspecting the state of tool wearing. Through inspecting the state of tool wearing can decrease the cost of manufacturing, do less environmental harm, ensure the quality of product, at the same time can also enhance the degree of automation. Therefore, it has a great deal of significance to make a research on Tool wearing inspection on-line and dimension compensation in the process of milling spiral rod.In the process of milling special spiral rod, to realize online inspection of the state of tool wearing and automatic dimension compensation, the key technique is to analyze signals that indicate the state of tool wearing and choose the useful signal, especially diametrical increment can directly show the state of tool wearing. The useful signal would be found out by sampling and process it. PLC in NUM system can be activated by diametrical increment that was regarded as a switch signal, then switch on tool compensation program in NC system. In the paper, using the method of the cutter length compensation to achieve the cutter compensation. It is a new attempt in the process of milling special spiral rod.Because the diametrical increment can identify the tool’s wearing, it should be measured by a appropriate sensor in the process of online inspection of the state of tool wearing and automatic dimension compensation. After measure precision, economic and other condition are taken into account, DGB-5A was chosen as the sensor in the experiment, it is an osculating sensor and can directly measure diametrical increment. During tool compensation, the communication relationship between CNC in NUM system and the embedded PLC was fully utilized and the method of the cutter length compensation was used to fulfill the tool compensation. So the cutting precision was satisfied and the automatic manufacture was achieved.In a word, technologies of sensor, data sampling and mechanical design were applied in the paper in the process of online inspection of the state of tool wearing and automatic dimension compensation. The satisfying result has been gained by experiment. The paper made an academic basis to the tool wearing and dimension compensation in these kinds of product.更多还原