【作者】 张亚娟；

【导师】 王维娜； 王安利；

【作者基本信息】 河北大学 ， 水生生物学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以日本沼虾和南美白对虾为实验材料，研究了亚硝酸钠、多聚磷酸钠和对硫磷几种化合物对虾体的急性毒性及其胁迫对日本沼虾抗氧化酶系统的影响。此外，还研究了在亚硝酸钠胁迫下，饵料中添加硒对南美白对虾抗氧化酶系统的影响。所测定的指标包括：超氧阴离子值（O₂^-）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPX）。 实验结果表明，亚硝酸钠对日本沼虾的24、48、72和96hr的LC₅₀分别为：46、26、20和13.3 mg/L。日本沼虾在不同浓度的亚硝酸钠胁迫下，所测定的各项生理指标均受到明显影响。 多聚磷酸钠对日本沼虾的24、48、72和96hr的LC₅₀分别为：1233、1180、1132和1080mg/L。日本沼虾在不同浓度的多聚磷酸钠胁迫下，所测定的各项生理指标均受到明显影响。 对硫磷对日本沼虾的24、48、72和96hr的LC₅₀分别为：120、70、46和34 mg/L。日本沼虾在不同浓度的对硫磷胁迫下，所测定的各项生理指标均受到明显影响。 亚硝酸钠对南美白对虾对照组的24、48、72、96hr的LC₅₀分别为：103、80、67、50mg/L；亚硝酸钠对实验组南美白对虾的24、48、72、96hr的LC₅₀分别为：87、67、53、26 mg／L。南美白对虾在不同浓度亚硝酸钠胁迫下，所测定的各项生理指标均受到明显的影响。而且，由于饵料中添加了1mg/L的亚硒酸钠，实验组对虾所受到的毒害作用更大。可见，硒与亚硝酸钠对虾体的毒性具有协同作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 We studied the toxicitiy of several compounds, namely nitrite, polyphosphate, and parathion, on Macrobrachium nipponnnense and Penaeus vannamei. The effects of these compounds on the shrimps’ enzymic antioxidant system were also investigated. Furthermore we studied the effect of selenium supplementation dietary on the enzymic antioxidant system of Penaeus vannamei.Some physiological indexes were measured in experimental regime,including O2- and free radical scavenging enzymes (such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase) activity.Results shows that the LC50 of 24, 48, 72 and 96hr for nitrite to the shrimp Macrobrachium nipponen.se is 46, 26, 20, 13.33 mg/L, the LC50 of 24, 48, 72 and 96hr for polyphosphate to the shrimp Macrobrachium nipponense is 1233, 1180, 1132, 1080 mg/L, the LC50 of 24, 48, 72 and 96hr for parathion to the shrimp Macrobrachium nipponense is 120, 70, 46, 34 mg/L, the LC50 of 24, 48, 72 and 96hr for nitrite to the comparative shrimp Penaeus vannamei is 103, 80, 67, 50 mg/L, the LC50 of 24, 48, 72 and 96hr for nitrite to the experimental shrimp Penaeus vannamei is 87, 67, 53, 26 mg/L.The physiological indexes were observed after 24hr of these compounds exposure. The results showed that each physiological index of shrimp was significantly affected by them.In addition,we found selenium supplementation dietary had a bad effect on Penaeus vannamei.更多还原