【作者】 江洪流；

【导师】 蒋治良；

【作者基本信息】 广西师范大学 ， 有机化学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 共振瑞利散射（RRS）是20世纪90年代发展起来的一种新兴的分析技术。因其高灵敏度、简易性和较好的选择性而引起人们的广泛兴趣和关注。本文介绍了共振瑞利散射（RRS）的理论基础，应用现状和新的发展。研究了盐酸小檗碱-四苯硼钠、碱性阳离子染料-四苯硼钠、染料-硫纳米等体系的光谱特征及其应用。1.小檗碱-四苯硼钠缔合纳米微粒体系的共振Rayleigh散射光谱及分析应用在pH 5.0 NaAc-HAc缓冲溶液中，TPB-与BB+结合形成的(BB-TPB)n缔合纳米微粒在470nm处产生一个共振Rayleigh散射（RRS）峰。采用共振瑞利散射光谱法、吸收光谱和透射电镜研究四苯硼钠(TPB)与盐酸小檗碱(BB)的缔合反应。探究(小檗碱-四苯硼钠)n缔合纳米微粒的形成与共振瑞利散射之间的关系，建立了测定0.06-5.28μg/ml盐酸小檗碱的RRS新方法，该方法检出限为26 ng/ml。 通过TPB-与 BB+和Ag+反应形成可用透射电镜观测的(BBj Ag p-TPBj+p)h复合缔合纳米微粒，证实了固液界面的形成是导致其共振散射光增强的充分必要条件。建立的RRS新方法可用于中成药中小檗碱的测定，具有灵敏度高，试样用量少等特点。2. 碱性阳离子染料-四苯硼钠（碱性三苯甲烷类染料-四苯硼钠、碱性吩噻嗪类-四苯硼钠染料、碱性荧光染料-四苯硼钠等）体系的光谱特征研究。在弱酸性介质中，乙基紫（EV）、结晶紫（CV）、甲基紫（MV）、亮绿（BG）等碱性三苯甲烷类染料；亚甲基蓝（MB）、甲苯胺蓝（TB）等碱性吩噻嗪类染料以及罗丹明6G（RD6G）、罗丹明B（RDB）等碱性荧光染料可与四苯硼钠（NaTPB）反应形成疏水离子缔合物，并自发形成缔合微粒导致共振瑞利散射（RRS）强度急剧增强并产生新的共振瑞利散射（RRS）光谱。它们分别在530nm（乙基紫体系）、528 nm（结晶紫体系）、520 nm（甲基紫体系）、525 nm（亮绿体系）、410 nm（亚甲基蓝体系）、405 nm（甲苯胺蓝体系）、515 nm（罗丹明6G体<WP=5>系）、550 nm（罗丹明B体系）处出现最大共振瑞利散射（RRS）峰。结合紫外-可见分光光度法和荧光光谱探讨了反应机理，发现了碱性阳离子染料—四苯硼钠缔合微粒的光谱特征与其吸收光谱密切相关且两者之间具有对应关系。同时对荧光染料的荧光猝灭、共振瑞利散射光（RRS）强度增强机理进行了研究。3 染料分子吸收对硫纳米微粒共振散射光谱的影响 以聚丙烯酰胺作稳定剂，通过溶剂更换制得较为稳定的液相硫纳米微粒。它在470 nm处产生一个最强的共振散射峰，在可见光范围内无吸收峰且吸收值较小。研究了乙醇、丙酮，以及溴酚蓝、溴甲基紫、结晶紫、亮绿等有机染料对硫纳米微粒共振散射的影响。结果发现，硫分子的共振散射较弱；染料分子吸收是产生共振散射峰和谷的一个重要原因。理论和实验证明，在一定条件下，随着染料分子非弹性吸收值的增大，硫纳米微粒共振散射光强度降低。更多还原

【Abstract】 Resonance Rayleigh Scattering(RRS) is a new technology developed in 1990s. For its remarkable characteristics of high sensitivity, simple operation and good sensitivity. This method brings more attention and interesting and has been studied and applied more and more in recent years. This thesis introduced Resonance Rayleigh Scattering theoretical basement, the present situation,application and development as analytical technique .Then, the spectral characteristics of following three systems incluing berberine(BB) with sodium tetraphenylboron (NaTPB),some basic dyes such as triphenylmethane dyes, phenothiazine dyes，rodimine flouence dyes with sodium tetraphenylboron (NaTPB) as well as S nanoparticles for the exemples have been studied .1Resonance Rayleigh Scattering Spectra of Berberine-Tetraphenylboron Association Nanoparticle and Its Analytical Application In pH=5.0 NaAc-HAc buffer solution, BB- and TPB+ combine to BB-TPB association complex. The association complexes aggregate to (BB-TPB)n association nanoparticles, because there are strong hydrophobic force and Van der Waals force. The association nanoparticle between BB+ and TPB- has been investigated by means of RRS and absorption spectral method and transmission electron microscope(TEM). It exhibits a resonance Rayleigh scattering peak at 470nm, and a maximum absorption peak at 368 nm and a resonance absorption peak at 440 nm. Study the relationship between resonance Rayleigh scattering(RRS) and the association nanoparticle forming. A new and sensitive RRS method has been proposed for the determination of 0.06 to 5.28μg/ml BB in real samples, with satisfactory results. The detection limit is achieved at 26 ng/ml. The TEM of (BBj Ag p-TPBj+p)h composite association nanoparticles was observed by means of<WP=7>composite association nanoreaction both TPB- and BB+ or Ag+. The results identify that the formation of (BB-TPB)n association nanoparticles and interface of solid-liquid results in the enhanced resonance Rayleigh light-scattering. This new RRS method has high sensitivity, and has been applied to the determination of BB in real samples, with satisfactory results.2spectral properties studies on the system of sodium tetraphenylboron (NaTPB) and some basic cationic dyesIn weak acid media, sodium tetraphenylboron (NaTPB) reacts with some basic triphenylmethane dyes such as Ethyl Violet(EV), Crystal Violet(CV), Methyl Violet(MV),Brillant Green(BG), with some basic phenothiazine dyes such as Methylene Blue (MB),Toluidine Blue(TB) and some flouence dyes such as RDG,RDB to form hydrophobic ion-association complexes,and association nanoparticles that result in a significant enhancement of Resonance Rayleigh Scattering(RRS) and appearance of a new RRS spectrum have formed spontaneously. Their maxium Scattering wavelengths λmax appear at 530nm, 528nm , 520nm, 525nm , 410nm, 405nm,420nm and 400nm for EV, CV, MV, BG, MB, TB, RDG and RDB ,respectively. the RRS spectral characteristics have been investigated. By combining ultra violet visible spectrophotometry and flouence spectrum, the reaction mechanism has been discussed. The results show that the RRS spectral characteristics of the combination products of sodium tetraphenylboron (NaTPB) with these basic dyes are closely related to their absorption.there is a corresponding relationship between them.In the meantime,the mechanism explantion on fluorescene quenching and enhanced Resonance Rayleigh Scattering(RRS) of some flouence dyes was proposed.3 Effect of Dyes on Resonance Scattering Spectra of S Nanoparticle Using polyacrylamide (PAM) as stabilizer, stable S nanoparticle solutions have been obtained by means of replacing solvent procedure. There is a maximum resonance scattering peak at 470 nm, and no absorption peak in visible light region. The effect of dyes such as bromphenol blue(BPB), bromomethyl violet, crystal violet and brilliant green, and some organic solvents such as acetone, alcohol and methanol on resonance scattering spectra of S nanoparticle has been studied. The更多还原