【作者】 王学峰；

【导师】 经荣斌；

【作者基本信息】 扬州大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 本文对姜曲海瘦肉型新品种培育的三个亲本杜枫姜猪、杜杜枫姜猪、杜洛克猪的屠宰性能、胴体品质、肌肉品质进行了全面的、系统的比较，结果表明： 1) 随着引进猪种杜洛克猪血统成分的提高，杜杜枫姜猪的主要产肉性能指标向父本杜洛克猪偏倚，和杜枫姜猪相比，有较大幅度的提高，其中瘦肉率增加9.36％、后腿比例增加13.56％、眼肌面积增加了14.88％，平均膘厚下降了12.64％。 2) 三组猪肌肉食用品质中，除半腱肌失水率外，其余指标都是杜杜枫姜猪差于杜枫姜猪，但经检验，除肉色外，大部分指标的差异未达到显著水平(P＞0.05)，另外，杜杜枫姜猪的腰大肌熟肉率、肉色、剪切力、失水率都好于杜洛克猪，其中肉色差异达极显著(P＜0.01)；大部分肉质性状与瘦肉率、后腿比例、眼肌面积等产肉力性状呈极显著的不利相关(P＜0.01)；肉质间的相关分析表明：背最长肌肉色与失水率可以较好的反映肉质性状。 3) 杜杜枫姜猪与杜枫姜猪相比，肌肉常规化学成分的含量，除粗脂肪外，粗蛋白、水分、粗灰分、背最长肌Ca、P含量都有一定程度的提高，其中，只有P含量达到显著水平(P＜0.05)，其余都未达到显著水平(P＞0.05)。 4) 杜洛克猪半腱肌肌纤维直径极显著大于杜杜枫姜猪与杜枫姜猪(P＜0.01)，后两者间差异不显著(P＞0.05)；杜洛克猪背最长肌肌纤维直径极显著大于杜枫姜猪(P＜0.01)，显著大于杜杜枫姜猪(P＜0.05)；肌纤维直径与肉质指标呈负相关，和主要产肉力性能指标呈正相关。 5) 肌纤维的线粒体数量、糖原颗粒含量为杜杜枫姜猪大于杜枫姜猪，而杜枫姜猪在肌原纤维间的脂肪滴分布上多于杜杜枫姜猪。肌原纤维直径、肌节长度、I带、A带长度在两组猪间无显著差异(P＞0.05)；部位间比较除杜杜枫姜猪背最长肌I带显著大于半腱肌外(P＜0.05)，其余部位间比较都未出现显著差异(P＞0.05)。肌原纤维直径、肌节长度、I带、A带长度与肉质相关不显著(P＞0.05)。扬州大学硕士学位论文6)杜杜枫姜猪与杜枫姜猪背最长肌肌普酸含量差异不显著，但这两者都极显著大 于杜洛克猪(P<0.01)。7)三组猪背最长肌所有的17种氨基酸含量、氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸、鲜味氨 基酸的含量上都不存在显著差异(P>0 .05):杜杜枫姜猪在甘氨酸、组氨酸、精 氨酸、苏氨酸、丙氨酸、肤氨酸、酪氨酸、异亮氨基酸含量以及鲜味占氨基酸 总量比例上超过了杜枫姜猪和杜洛克猪。更多还原

【Abstract】 By comparison on slaughter traits, carcass merit traits and muscle quality of parents of JiangQuHai meat type breed(Duroc ×FengJing× JiangQuHai) .The results show:1. The meat performance of DDFJ is similar to Duroc.Comparison with DFJ, the ratio of carcass to ham. lean meat percentage and loin eye area of DDFJ was superior, the average back-fat depth was lower.2. Except of water loss rate of semitendinosus muscle . most of muscle quality traits of DDFJ was worse than DFJ. Multi-comparing we found the difference was no significant ( P>0.05 ) . Compared with Duroc, except of PH24. most of muscle quality traits of DDFJ was superior. Analyzing the correlation between muscle quality traits we found that meat colour and water loss rate may reflect muscle quality traits well. There were much significant negative correlation between most of muscle quality traits and lean meat percentage, the ratio of carcass to ham, loin eye area (P<0.01 ) .3. Compared with DFJ. the content of crude protein , water, crude ash and Ca in muscle of DDFJ was superior, the content of crude fat was lower. But multi-comparing we found the difference was no significant.4. Diameter of semitendinosus muscle fiber in Duroc was much significantly thicker than that of DFJ, DDFJ(P<0.01). There were no significant difference between DFJ and DDFJ (P>0.05) . Diameter of longissmus muscle fiber in Duroc was much significantly thicker than that of DFJ (P<0.01) , there were significant difference between Duroc and DDFJ (P<0. 05) . There were negative correlation between the muscle fiber diameter and muscle quality, postive correlation between the muscle fiber diameter and the meat performance.5. Compared with DFJ. the number of chrondriosomes the content of glycogenosome of muscle fiber in DDFJ was superior, but. the content of fatty granule cells among longissimus muscle fibers was lower. There were no significant difference between DFJ and DDFJ in sarcomere length, myofibril diameter and A length (P>0.05) .There were no significant correlation between the myofibril diameter , sarcomere length, I, A length and muscle quality traits (P>0.05) .6. There were no significant difference between the content of IMP in muscle of DDFJ and that of DFJ (P>0.05) . But there were much significant difference between DDFJ , DFJ and Duroc (P<0.01) .7. In longissimus muscle, 17 sorts of amino acids, essential amino-acids, the total amount of amino acids and the flavour amino-acids between DFJ and DDFJ were no signinificant difference (P>0.05) .更多还原