网络环境下软件测试自动化技术的研究与应用

【作者】 李军；

【导师】 谷建华；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 计算机应用， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 软件测试是软件生命周期的一个重要阶段，也是保证软件质量的重要手段。 软件测试一般分为手工测试和自动测试。软件自动测试技术是当前软件界的研究热点之一。在我国，软件测试和软件测试自动化的研究尚处于起步阶段。因此，对软件测试自动化技术的研究和应用具有十分重要的理论和实用价值。本论文主要研究网络环境下的软件测试自动化技术及其应用。 论文涉及的主要工作和成果包括： 1．研究了软件自动测试，特别是网络环境下软件自动测试技术。分析并指出了自动测试和手动测试的区别，分析了自动测试的优势及其局限性。研究了测试的五个活动和它们的特点，指出了最适合于自动化的两个测试活动：测试执行和测试检查。这些研究为后续的设计和开发工作提供了良好的理论基础。 2．结合国际合作课题——“LSF的测试自动化”，论文分析了网络负载均衡软件“LSF”测试中存在的诸多问题，指出传统的手工测试不能很好地为日益复杂的LSF提供有效的测试保证。因此，结合LSF的特点，论文提出和设计了一个自动测试系统的三层体系结构：测试用例层、测试组织工具层和测试域层。它具有层次清楚、可维护性好、可扩充性好等特点。它为LSF的测试提供了一个通用的自动测试框架结构，较好地解决了自动测试的基础性体系结构问题。 3．基于该三层体系结构，论文设计和实现了两个自动测试工具。 第一个是自动测试执行工具，实现对测试脚本的自动调度以完成某些特性的测试。它具有测试用例分组、断点恢复执行、超时监测和控制以及收集测试脚本返回信息等特性，方便了测试人员执行和控制测试用例。 第二个是日志信息搜索工具。日志文件是系统运行情况的记录，也是测试结果的一部分。因此，很多情况下测试人员需要对日志文件中的信息进行检索。该工具实现了在日志文件中搜索特定信息，为测试结果的分析提供了一个方便实用的手段。论文采用了巴科斯范式来表示逻辑表达式，为其提供了一个很好的形式化的表达方式。论文采用算符优先算法较好地解决了逻辑表达式的语法检查问题，为搜索算法的实现打下了良好的基础。 本文提出的自动测试系统的三层体系结构在LSF的测试中得到了初步的实现和应用，为自动测试的应用做出了一些探索，得到用户的好评。更多还原

【Abstract】 Software test is a key stage in the software development lifecycle. It is also an important means to ensure the software quality.Software test is divided into manual test and automated test. Software test automation is a key focus of current software research. In our country, the research on software test and software test automation is still in the infancy stage. Therefore, the research on software test automation bears both significant theoretical and practical values. This paper mainly focuses on the research and application of software test automation technology under network environment.This paper mainly includes the following aspects:First, this paper researches software test automation technology, especially software test automation technology under network environment. It analyzes the difference between automated test and manual test. It also identifies the advantage and disadvantage of automated test. This paper discusses the five main activities of software test and their features, pointing out the two test activities best suitable for automation: test execution and test check. This provides the theoretical basis for the following design and development.Second, with an international co-operation project-"LSF Test Automation" as the background, this paper analyzes the problems in the test of network load balancing software "LSF", indicating that the traditional manual test can not provide full support to the more and more complicated LSF software. Therefore, based on the features of LSF, this paper presents and designs a three-level architecture of automation test system for LSF, namely, test case level, test organization tools level, and test domain level. This three-level architecture has several advantages such as: clear levels, good maintainability, and good extensibility. It provides a general test infrastructure for the testing of LSF, solving the basic infrastructure issue for test automation.Next, based on the above mentioned architecture , this paper designs and implements two test automation tools. The first tool is an automated test execution tool. It automatically dispatches test cases for some certain feature test. The main features of this tool include: grouping of test cases, break point resume, timeout detect and timeout control, and collecting the return information of test cases. The second tool is a log information searching tool. Log files are the record of system execution status and also a part of the test results. Therefore, it often needs to search the content of log files. This tool is used to search information in log files and then provides convenient ways to the analysis of the test results. The paper adopts BNF to express the logic expressions, providing a good formalization method. This paper uses prioritized operators algorithm to implement the syntax checking of logic expressions.The three-level architecture has been implemented and applied in the LSF test, making some exploration in the application of test automation.更多还原