【作者】 谢嘉宁；

【导师】 赵建林；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 光学工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 光学信息处理由于具有容量大、速度快、并行性及装置简单等优点，在二维图像信息存储、图像增强、特征识别、现代像质评价等许多方面有着重要的应用。随着计算机的日益普及，计算机仿真技术作为虚拟实验手段已经成为计算机应用的一个重要分支。作为科学计算软件，MATLAB的特点是使用方便、输入便捷、运算功能齐全，并且有大量的函数可供使用。用它来编写程序，不需要大量繁琐的编程过程，只需以数学方式表达和描述，因此特别适合工程计算和应用软件的编写。本文提出了一种利用MATLAB软件仿真光学信息处理实验的方法并初步研制出仿真实验系统，主要内容如下： (1)．根据夫琅和费衍射原理及实验装置建立仿真实验的数学模型，在此基础上给出编写仿真程序的方法和要点。分别得到几种衍射屏(单缝、矩形孔、三角形孔、多边形孔、圆孔、多缝和光栅)的夫琅和费衍射仿真实验结果，仿真结果与理论分析结果一致。仿真实验的特点是：通过改变可调参数，得到相应的实验现象，方便于分析各种衍射屏的衍射特点。利用这个仿真实验也能为真实实验前确定各种参数做准备工作； (2)．以4f相干光学成像理论为基础，本仿真实验系统给出了一维黑白光栅的空间滤波、网格和非周期性结构输入物的空间滤波等仿真实验。在光学图像相加、减运算理论的基础上，制作出余弦光栅，并仿真了图像加法运算的过程。利用联合相关识别仿真实验实现了输入光学图像的识别和筛选； (3)．根据小波变换在光学上的实现方法，选用典型的4f光学处理系统，以它作为实现仿真实验的光路。提出光学小波变换滤波器的生成是编写仿真程序的关键。几种常见小波函数(Haar、Morlet、Mexican-hat)实现图像边缘增强的实验得到了仿真。更多还原

【Abstract】 Optical information processing (OIP) combines the characteristics of having large-capability, high-speed, parallelism and simple configuration, so it has many important applications in two-dimension image information storage, image enhancement, feature recognition, and estimation on image quality. As computer becomes more popular in the world today, the computer simulation technique has become a important branch in the computer’s applications. It and related CAD or CAI has become the new means in science research and engineering design. A new method on simulation of OIP experiments using MATLAB is presented in this paper.As software using in science calculation, MATLAB has some values as follows: simple operation, perfect capability and having a count of functions to be used. A simulation experiments system on OIP was made using MATLAB. The main contents are:(1). Some experiments for Fraunhofer diffraction are simulated. The advantage of the simulation system is as following: By adjusting the experiment’s parameters arbitrarily, the distribution of light intensity and the design of Fraunhofer diffraction can be observed and analyzed. The simulation results accord with the theory’s results, so it can be helpful for confirming some parameters before the genuine experiment will be done.(2). Optical spatial filtering is the based operation on OIP and the foundation of high-pass, low-pass, band-pass, edge-enhance and feature distinguishing. This simulation experiments system includes special filtering experiments when the input image is one-dimension grating, two-dimension grating or general image. The input images are processed on amplitude, phase or both of them with these filters. The phase information in Fourier frequency spectrum can be extracted and utilized. Moreover, the adding algebra and correlations operations are simulated.(3). The extraction of edge-features is one of the most important items in OIP field. Wavelet-transform is a nice and available way to extract the image’s edge-features. In this simulated system, the edge-enhance experiment using several ordinary wavelet functions (Haar, Morlet, Mexican-hat) is made.更多还原