汽车自适应驰控装置初探

【作者】 方勇文；

【导师】 叶玉堂；

【作者基本信息】 电子科技大学 ， 光学工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国高速公路建设的快速发展，高速公路上汽车碰撞事故频繁发生，给国家和人民带来重大损失。为避免高速公路上的汽车碰撞事故，本文设计了汽车自适应驰控装置，对本车前方路面情况进行持续监视，在有险情发生前，及时发出报警信号，让司机有足够时间采取正确措施避免汽车碰撞事故。为完成测距、测速和报警工作，汽车自适应驰控装置利用红外激光测距原理，采用单片机作核心控制芯片。为保障测距精度，装置采用高速激光器驱动电路和由两级高速运算放大器构成的探测放大电路，并用一个计数脉冲频率为100MHz的16位二进制计数器完成激光收发间隔时间的测量。装置里的显示电路，采用专用显示驱动芯片PS7219，使显示电路功耗大大减小。为使装置正常工作，电源电路将+12V电压变换后，给装置中数字电路提供+5V电源电压，给模拟电路提供±6V电源电压。装置软件设计包括十个模块程序和五个子程序，完成阈值设定、距离计算、分析判断和报警处理等工作。通过距离处理模块，能正确识别出汽车正前方目标、栅栏、地面静物，为报警提供正确依据。本文第一章介绍国内外汽车防撞技术发展动态，阐明本装置的研究意义和主要研究内容，并介绍了装置的总体设计方案；第二章介绍电路设计；第三章介绍软件设计；第四章介绍实验方案和实验结果。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of highway’s building in our country, the car-collision on highway takes place frequently, which brings numerous losses to the property of the country and the people. To avoid car collisions on highway, Auto adaptive cruise-control system is introduced in this paper. The conditions of the road in front of the car can be kept watch on by this system continuously. Before the dangerous circumstance happen, a warning signal will be sent to the driver by the system in time，which can make the driver have enough time to take effective measures and avoid collisions.To finish the task of distance measuring, speed measuring and warning, the theory of laser-based distance measuring is used in this system, and the system is controlled by SCM (Single Chip Microprocessor). To ensure the precision of distance measuring, the high-speed laser driving circuit and the detect-amplifying circuit constituted by two class high-speed operational amplifiers are used in Auto adaptive cruise-control system, and the laser flying time is measured by a sixteen bit’s binary counter , whose counting frequency is 100 megahertz. To reduce the consumed power of display circuit, the special display driver--PS7219 is used in display circuit of this system. To make the system work normally, 12 volts’ positive voltage is converted into 5 volts and ±6 volts by power supply unit, in which 5 volts is provided for digital circuit and ±6 volts is provided for analogue circuit. The design of software includes 10 programming modules and 5 subprograms, which finish the work of threshold setting, distance computing, signal processing, alarming and so on. Through the run of distance processing module, the system can distinguish the objects in front of the car, barrier on the roadside and the objects on the ground, and provide bases for alarming. In this paper, the developments of Vehicle anti-collision technology in the world, the meaning of study, the main content of study and the total designing project of this<WP=6>system are introduced at Chapter 1, the design of circuit of this system is introduced at Chapter 2, the design of software of this system is introduced at Chapter 3, experimental project and result of this system are introduced at Chapter 4.更多还原