【作者】 陈文勇；

【导师】 王世耕；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 高速旋转机械由于自身不平衡力的存在，在工作时使机器产生振动，这个振动会产生噪声，并降低机器性能，甚至损坏机器设备。找出并消除这个不平衡力，从而减少机器的振动，具有很重要的实际意义。发动机曲柄连杆是一种特殊的旋转机械，其工作时产生的惯性力的合力会使发动机工作时产生振动，这个振动传递到机架上，引起整车的振动，从而使驾驶者感到不适，同时对整车性能产生不利影响，因此，找出并消除这个惯性力的合力对于提高车辆的整体性能有着重要意义。本文所做的主要工作围绕着对发动机曲柄连杆机构动平衡理论的研究、平衡机振动系统部分的动力学研究以及提出一种对发动机曲柄连杆机构做动平衡测试的测试方法来展开，最终建立了一套用于单缸发动机曲柄连杆的动平衡测试系统。作为测试系统建立的基础，本文首先对一般回转体的动平衡理论、曲轴动平衡理论以及曲柄连杆机构惯性力产生的机理进行了较深入的研究，并在此基础上得出了单缸发动机曲柄连杆机构动平衡测试与一般回转体工件动平衡测试的不同之处，为测试系统的建立提供了理论依据。动平衡机的振动系统部分传递被测试工件不平衡量信息，振动系统根据工件不平衡惯性力的大小做出相应的反应，产生振动，这个振动信号由传感器采集后送入测试系统。测试系统根据这个振动信号就可以得出被测工件的不平衡惯性力量值。本文通过研究平衡机机械部分振动系统的动力学特性，得出了平衡机振动系统由于被测工件不平衡的惯性力产生的振动和不平衡惯性力量值之间的关系，为测试方法的建立提供了依据。在以上研究的基础上开发了一套针对单缸发动机曲柄连杆机构动平衡的测试系统，在系统标定、系统补偿等测试方法的关键问题上进行了详细的分析，并自行推导出了一套计算方法。整个系统采用工控机作为测试系统的平台，使用高级程序语言开发测试系统的数据处理部分及测试界面。整个测试系统操作过程简单，操作界面友好，减轻了操作者的工作量，并缩短了单个工件的测量时间，具有一定的实用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Due to the existence of unbalance self-force in high-speed rotating mechanical device, the vibration accompanying with running machine usually causes noise, which reduces the machine performance or damage the machine. So how to quickly find the unbalance-force out and reduce machine vibration plays an important role in mechanical system design. The crank-set of motor is a special rotate machine, in which the inertia combined-force caused by running crank will tremble the whole automobile along with rack. Therefore, it has practical meaning to locate the inertia combined-force and eliminating its influence on whole system, which can reduce the uncomfortable feeling of driver, also promote entire performance. The research in this paper is mainly focused on the Dynamic-Balance theory of motor crank-set, Dynamics of Vibration unit of Balance machine and test methods of Dynamic Balance Diagnostic System. A Dynamic Balance Test System is developed at the end of this paper, which is used for Single Cylinder motor.Based on Dynamic Balance theory of normal rotate structure and crank-set, causation of inertia combined-force, a conclusion is drawn on the difference between the Dynamic Balance tests of Single Cylinder motor and normal rotate structure. That conclusion is the theory base of the whole test system.The Vibration unit of Dynamic Balance machine can transfer the information of testing accessory; the vibration signal proportionates with Unbalance force of the accessory. The sensors capture the vibration signals and transmit them into the test system, which can get the value of accessory unbalance. According to Dynamic characters of Vibration system, the relation between the balance machine vibration and unbalance value is find out, which provide a foundation for the tests method.According to the research results above, a Single Cylinder oriented Dynamic Balance Test System is developed. The research on system demarcation and system compensation methods are presented in details, and a related algorithm is proposed. On the system platform of Industry Control computer, the interface and data processing unit are developed with senior language. The system owns friendly operation interface and simple test procedure, all of which reduce the burden of operators and time consumption of tests. The test results reveal the high practical value of the system.更多还原