【作者】 刘子凤；

【导师】 陈万志；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 环境工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 城镇化进程中占用土地生态破坏的经济损失估算在国内外的研究都很少。本文认为城镇化进程中占用土地其实是土地生态系统作为投资过程中的一项投入，当土地作为固定资本投入城镇建设项目中，土地的利用方式改变了，这必然会导致土地生态系统的生态损失。本文将城镇化进程中占用的土地类型分为耕地、园地、林地、牧草地、水域、未利用地六种，根据城镇化进程中占用土地造成土地生态损失的特点，将土地生态系统的生态损失分为有效生态损失、环境损失、恢复费用三部分。采用不同生态损失估值技术分别对土地生态系统破坏的经济损失的三部分进行评估,并据此构建城镇化进程中占用土地资源的生态损失评估模型，即LELAM模型。作者以万州区为例应用LELAM模型计算城镇化进程中城镇建设、工矿建设、市政建设三类建设项目占用土地的生态损失。通过计算，2001年万州区城镇化进程中占用土地的总生态损失30 809.82万元，占万州区当年GDP的6.421%；总环境损失439.61万元，占万州区当年GDP的0.092%；总有效生态损失3 305.92万元，占万州区当年GDP的0.689%；总恢复费用27 064.29万元，占万州区当年GDP的5.640%。由于多种不确定因素的存在，估算出的生态损失只是一个最低值，还需更多的工作来研究。城镇化进程中土地利用的目的是为了获得效益，土地利用的效益可分为经济效益、社会效益和环境效益。在土地利用中兼顾环境效益将有利于提高土地利用的整体效益，有助于引导人们重视经济与环境的协调发展，重视土地的持续利用。另外，本文尝试修改现在所统计的GDP，修改后的GDP为绿色GDP(即GGDP)，是现行的国内生产总值扣除总环境损失与总恢复费用的和。更多还原

【Abstract】 Researches on the economic loss assessment of ecological damage of land occupation in the process of urbanization have been seldom seen both in china and abroad. This thesis points out land occupation in the process of urbanization is a fact that land is the inputs in the process of investment and utilization style of land has been changed. It results in ecological loss of land when the land was invested as the fixed capital in construction projects. The land occupied in the process of urbanization is divided into cropland, garden plot, woodland, grass/rangeland, water area, wilderness. According to the characteristic of land occupation in the process of urbanization, the ecological loss of land is environmental loss, land restoration costs and available ecological loss. Different means are introduced to assess the three parts ecological loss respectively, then LELAM (land ecological loss assessment) model is been designed.The author takes Wanzhou district as the example to apply the model to the ecological loss assessment of three kinds of construction projects, which are town construction, public work, factory construction in the process of urbanization. By calculating ecological loss, the total value of land occupation in the process of urbanization in Wanzhou district is 308 098 200yuan (RMB ), which is 6.421 percent of GDP; the total available loss of land occupation in the process of urbanization in Wanzhou district is 34 554 500yuan, which is 0.689 percent of GDP; the total environmental loss of land occupation in the process of urbanization in Wanzhou district is 4 396 100yuan, which is 0.092 percent of GDP; the total land restoration costs of land occupation in the process of urbanization in Wanzhou district is 270 642 900yuan, which is 5.640 percent of GDP in 2001. Because certain factors are not determined, this is only the smallest data of ecological loss. It needs father research.The aim for utilization of land is to achieve benefits. The benefits of utilization of land are divided into environmental benefits, economic benefits and societal benefits. Environmental benefits should be considered as a important factor in the process of urbanization. It is beneficial to improve the whole benefits and help to think more of harmonious development of economy and environment and pay more attention to sustainable utilization of land. In addition, this thesis try to perfect the present GDP to get a green GDP (GGDP), which subtract the total environmental loss and the total land restoration costs from GDP.更多还原