【作者】 黄力；

【导师】 刘信安；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 应用化学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 研究和描述化学污染物在大气环境中的化学转化机制、物理迁移模式、演化过程及其污染行为是大气环境评价及污染控制的重要工作。但由于传统试验研究方法通常不具备可行性和可操作性，人们发展了模式研究的方法和理论。大气环境模型也就因此成为了研究化学污染物在大气介质中分布、聚集、演化和转化行为的重要手段。通过模式计算与现场监测相结合，可实现对化学污染在大气中的演化行为的定量描述或预测，亦可模拟验证极端情况下的污染过程或假定的化学反应历程，由此获得某些在自然界或实验室均无法或难以实现的仿真结果。大气介质中化学污染物的物理、化学行为具有外源强迫和耗散性等非线性动力学特征。在表象上则反映出特殊的复杂行为和长期不可预测性。采用传统的数学分析方法很难对大气环境化学污染系统进行全面、可靠和动态的解析，更无法揭示复杂大气环境系统的内在本质。胞映射理论是解决这种复杂问题最有效的一种数值模型求解方法，而本文首先改进了胞映射理论和算法，并在此基础上将改进的胞映射算法应用于大气环境化学污染模式的研究领域。本文分别通过在传统简单胞映射中引入变胞映射的思想，和将点映射和胞映射相结合的方法，明显提高了简单胞映射的全局分析能力和可靠程度，例如有效地从吸引子中排除了传统算法带来的伪胞，使其能够胜任大气环境非线性复杂系统的分析和研究。然后，针对描述温室污染气体浓度，即二氧化碳浓度对大气系统，尤其是因此而对海温、气温以及云量产生影响的非线性模式进行了数值模拟。研究结果表明：改进简单胞映射方法可以较为成功地对二氧化碳浓度随时间变化的趋势进行了数值模拟、预测和外延推导研究，预测结果与观测数据吻合较好。最后，对能量平衡大气模式的胞映射全局分析研究结果表明：改进胞映射方法能够揭示复杂大气系统演化中的稳定螺旋型运动模式和周期振荡运动的内在规律性，以及系统的敏感因子。通过对吸引域变化趋势的研究，定量地分析了二氧化碳浓度对大气系统的运动规律和运动稳定性的影响机制，为深入研究大气中二氧化碳浓度对大气环境的影响及其相互作用机制的基本理论提供了具有重要指导意义的方法和结果。更多还原

【Abstract】 For air pollution evaluation and control it is an important task to research and describe the mechanism of chemical transformation, the mode of physical diffusion, the process of evolution, and the behavior of chemical pollutants in atmosphere. However, the conventional experimental methods are not feasible or operable in archiving this, so the methods and theory of mathematical modeling need to be constructed. As a result, atmospheric environment models have become one of the most important ways to study the distribution, collection, evolution, and transformation of chemical pollutants in the media of atmosphere. Via combination of the modeling results and experimental data, the evolution behavior of chemical pollutants in atmosphere can be described and predicated quantitatively. Furthermore, the course of pollution in the extreme conditions can be demonstrated and the process of premised chemical reactions can be verified by the simulation, and then some results can be attained, which are difficult or impossible to reach by conventional experimental methods in laboratory or nature.The characters of chemical pollutants’ physical and chemical fate in the media of atmosphere include forcing, dissipation, and non-linearity. Behavior of chemical pollutants appears especially complex and unpredictable in long term. It is difficult for conventional analysis method to analyze atmospheric environment system globally and dynamically, particularly uncover the essence of complex atmospheric environment system. Simple Cell Mapping method is one of the most effective numerical analysis ways to solve such problems. The theory and the algorithm are improved in this paper, and then introduced in the field of model researching of chemical pollutions in atmosphere.Simple cell mapping is improved by altering cell and combined with point mapping respectively to enhance the ability and reliability of global analysis. As an example, pseudo-periodic cells, which were included in the numerical solutions given by conventional cell mapping method, can be excluded from the attractors. In this paper, simple cell mapping method is able to analyze and study the extremely complex non-linear system of atmospheric environment. Then a non-linear model is developed, which includes mechanism of how the concentration of greenhouse gas, especially carbon dioxide, influences the ocean temperature, the atmosphere temperature, and the<WP=6>amount of cloud. The results show that the trend of the concentration of carbon dioxide changing with time can be simulated, predicted and extended successfully with improved simple cell mapping, and the simulation can fit well with the observation data.In addition, the results of global analysis of energy balance climatic model indicate that the improved simple cell mapping, can reveal the evolution process of complex atmospheric system with stable spiral and limiting cycles, and point out the most sensitive coefficient. According to the trend of domains of attraction, the mechanism of influences on the rules and the stability of atmosphere environment behavior by concentration of carbon dioxide are analyzed quantitatively. This provides further research with important method and results on the internal mechanism of response for atmospheric system to the changing of carbon dioxide concentration.更多还原