【作者】 陈超；

【导师】 张四平；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 岩土工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 在土木建筑工程中，岩土锚固得到了日益广泛的应用。长期以来国内普遍采用的都是全长粘结的拉力型锚杆，相关的分析研究也已经比较成熟和充分。但另一方面，随着我国水利、交通、通讯等基础设施建设力度的加大，边坡、大坝、桥梁、隧洞、深基坑以及建筑结构物的抗倾倒、抗浮力、抗滑移等建设工程将对岩土锚固提出一些新的和更高的要求：如要求进一步调用岩土体的自身强度，锚杆应具有足够的耐久性，锚杆的使用应不影响周边地层的开发等。而目前国内普遍采用的拉力型锚杆是无法满足这些要求的。本文第三章着眼于近年来出现的新型压力（分散）型锚杆，根据收集的相关资料论述了该锚杆的研究现状，阐述了其受力机理，并据此提出了求解压力型锚杆剪力分布的计算模型。在该计算模型中，运用Mindlin公式计算岩体位移，并基于在杆体与岩土体接触面上位移相等的假定与杆体的位移建立等式，进而求出沿杆体全长的剪力分布。在求解过程中使用标准计算软件MATLAB（5.3Edition）进行数个算例的计算，然后使用该软件的函数可视化功能绘制剪力沿杆体长度的分布曲线，最后通过对图象的分析得出压力型锚杆剪力分布的特征。另外，运用功的互等原理简单分析了尾部灌浆体径向扩张对提高杆侧摩阻强度的贡献。本文第四章在在参考国内一些单位已经进行的部分压力型锚杆抗拔试验的基础上，针对基于岩层的该类型试验还是空白的现状，结合重庆大学沿江危岩边坡治理工程设计了岩层中的压力型锚杆与传统拉力型锚杆抗拔力对比实验。在参考文献的基础上自己设计制作了压力型锚杆杆体，在试验中得到了相关的P～s曲线，比较了两种锚杆的荷载传递性状，探讨了影响压力型锚杆承载力的因素。为在实际工程中设计和使用压力型锚杆提供了部分参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In civil engineering, geotechnical anchoring is applied more and more widely. For a long time, wholly grouted anchor is usually applied interiorly and the interrelated research and analysis have been mature and sufficient. However, along with the increasing of construction quantity of the infrastructure of irrigation works, traffic, communication etc., newer and higher requirement of geotechnical anchoring are made in slope, major dam, bridge, tunnel, deep foundation ditch engineering and the construction engineering such as anti-capsize, anti-float, anti-slippage engineering of the buildings. For example, self-intension of rock and soil is required to exploit better; carrying capacity of anchor increase according to anchoring length; anchor should be sufficiently lasting and should not influence the exploitation of adjoining stratum. And wholly grouted anchor used widely can not meet these demands.With a view to the new pressure (dispersive) anchor and according to the collected documentations, Chapter 3 dissertates the research actuality, expatiates the anchorage mechanism, and bring forward the computation module for calculating the distributing of shearing force of anchor. In the computation module, Mindlin formula is applied to calculable the displacement of the rock (soil). Based on the presumption that the rock (soil) and the anchor has the same displacement at the interface, the equation of displacement of rock (soil) and the anchor is made. The distribution of the shearing force along the rod can be obtained. In process of analysis, standard calculating software MATLAB is used to compute some examples and draw the shearing force distribution curve. Then the distribution character was obtained throughway the analysis of this picture. At the end of the chapter 3, the advantaged effect of radial dilatation of tail grout to friction intensity is simply analyzed according to the reciprocal theorem of work.In our country, no pull-out test of pressure-type anchor has ever been made in rock till now. In Chapter 4, consulting some pull-out tests of pressure-type anchor made by some civil researchers, contrast pull-out tests of pressure-type and tensile-type anchor in rock is designed in crag slope engineering in Chongqing University. The pressure-type anchor rods are designed by ourselves through study some reference documents. The P~s curves are gotten. Loading transmission characteristics of pressure-type anchor and tensile-type anchor are compared through the study of pull-out tests of those two types<WP=6>of anchor. Factors influencing the bearing capacity of pressure-type anchor are described. The research results of this dissertation give some valuable reference for design and applying pressure-type anchor in practical engineering.更多还原