【作者】 罗杰；

【导师】 陈庆良；

【作者基本信息】 贵州师范大学 ， 基础心理学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 阅读是从文字材料中获取信息并影响读者智力与非智力因素的过程。它是人类重要的、复杂的认知活动，通过阅读不断增长知识，从而改善人的智力技能。当今社会知识量剧增，知识更新周期越来越短，学科交叉越来越广，社会更需要知识丰富的复合型人才，而人的学习又受到时间与精力的限制，因此，如何提高阅读速度成为时代的重要课题。阅读过程有两个基本要求，一是有效保存信息，二是正确理解意义。速度与效益是一对矛盾，快速阅读是在满足上述两个要求基础上所追求的速度。本研究试图从认知心理学、神经心理学、神经生物学等多学科领域探索快速阅读过程信息加工速度及特点。通过三个实验研究不同专业、不同年龄的大、中小学生的阅读速度及在不同阅读方式下的快速阅读过程，结果表明： 1．文理科生之间阅读速度差异显著，语音能力是影响阅读速度的重要因素。语音能力含有动作技能成分，可以通过训练提高其加工速度。 2．有特定任务和提示条件下的快速阅读，主要采用自上而下的信息加工模式，阅读速度较快，但要经常进行语音技能训练。 3．无提示条件下快速阅读过程，采用交互作用模式加工信息，保持文章细节内容，采取了“筛选储存”加工方式。 4．采用不同阅读方式，其阅读速度、保持文章细节内容与理解文章意义方面都有显著差异，表明阅读策略对阅读的信息加工有重要作用。 5．不同年龄学生阅读的速度与理解成绩有显著差异，表明阅读的信息加工速度和深度与整体机能、知识经验及监控能力有关。更多还原

【Abstract】 Reading is a process in which readers can get information from literal texts while both their intelligent and non-intelligent factors being influenced. Through reading, readers can get more knowledge and improve their intellectual skills. In this knowledge explosion world, with the renewing cycle of knowledge becoming shorter and the intersection of disciplines wider, more and more learned compound talents are needed while people ’ s learning is restricted due to their time and energy. So how to improve reading speed becomes an urgent and important subject. There’ re two basic needs in reading process: one is to remain information effectively; the other is to get its true meaning across. Fast reading pursues the reading speed while endeavouring to fulfil the above two basic needs. The study tries to explore the information processing speed and its characteristics in fast reading from various fields view such as cognitive psychology, neuropsychology and neurobiology. By comparing the results from different majors, different age stages (college, middle school and primary school students ) in three experiments respectively, the author draws conclusions as follows:1. There are significant differences in reading speed between art and science students. Being an important influential factor in reading speed, phonetic aptitude contains motor skills and itsprocessing speed can be improved through training.2. Fast reading under specific tasks or given relevant information mainly adopts "top-down" method. By doing so, the speed is comparatively high, but the training of phonetic skills is always needed.3. In fast reading given no relevant information, interaction information processing method is adopted while keeping the detailed contents of texts through "selecting and storing" process.4. Different reading modes adopted, the reading speed, the extent of keeping details and understanding of texts are significantly different, which indicates that reading strategy is important to information processing.5. There is a significant difference in the reading speed and comprehension marks of different ages, which shows the speed depth of information processing correlates with the students’ integrated function, experience, knowledge and monitoring skills.更多还原