【作者】 遇宝成；

【导师】 张伟；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 野生动植物保护与利用， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 野生动植物是生态系统的重要组成部分。野生动植物的国际贸易是造成物种濒危的重要原因之一。加强对野生动植物国际贸易的控制，对保护野生动植物资源具有重要意义。新中国成立后，我国开始加强对野生动植物进出口的管理，特别是在加入《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》后，我国的野生动植物进出口管理工作不断向科学化、规范化方向发展。但直至目前，在野生动植物进出口管理上，我国还有一些方面需要不断完善。本文在回顾我国进出口贸易及贸易管理状况的基础上，就其中的进出口监管问题、进出口审批问题以及外来物种管理问题作以研究。 鉴于提高进出口监管水平，是实现野生动植物进出口有效管理的重要环节。针对野生动植物进出口监管中存在的口岸多而分散、海关关员现场监管能力弱、边境野生动植物非法贸易等问题，提出采取限定进出口口岸、对出口野生动植物进行标记、加强进出口管理部门与海关的合作及严厉打击边境走私活动等具体管理措施。 鉴于野生动植物进出口审批存在物种管理权属不明确、审批过程太长等问题，提出加强法制建设并采取相应的技术措施加以规范和完善的具体建议。 鉴于外来物种入侵已经给我国的生态环境、农林业生产造成了巨大的损失。在加强立法、加强制度建设、加强相关部门的合作、开展公众教育和培训等方面提出建议，以便有效阻止外来有害物种的入侵。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wild fauna and flora are important integrants of ecosystem. The international trade of them is one of the main reasons that cause species being endangered. It is of importance for protecting the resources of wild fauna and flora to enhance the administration for the international trade in them. After the establishment of the People’s Republic of China, China began to intensify the administration for imports and exports in wild fauna and flora. Especially after joining the Convection on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), the administration for imports and exports had developed towards being scientific and standard. However, there are still some aspects in the administration for imports and exports of wild fauna and flora need being improved steadily. The paper reviewed the international trade for wild fauna and flora and the trade management, and on this basis, the supervision and administration, examination and approval for import and export, and the management for alien species were studied.To raise the supervision and administration level is the important link to achieve the effective management for import and export of wild fauna and flora. In view of the problems in the supervision and management for import and export, such as the various and scattered ports, low supervision and management capacity of custom officers, and unlawful border trade for wild fauna and flora, we suggested the measures, including specifying the ports, labeling the exported wild fauna and flora, improving the cooperation between administrative departments for import and export and customs, and fight strongly against border smuggling activities, etc.The adscription of the right for examination and approval of trade species is not definite, and the examination and approval was too time-consuming. We put forward some suggestions to improve the legal system, and to regulate and consummate the administrative system by adopting technical measures should.The invasion of alien species had caused large loss in ecological environment, agriculture and forestry production in China. For preventing the invasion of hazardous alien species, we put forward suggestions in improving the legislation, regulation system, cooperation amongst related departments,public education and technical training.更多还原