【作者】 黄占华；

【导师】 方桂珍；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 林产化学加工工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文是以兴安落叶松(Larix gmelinii(Rupr.))木材加工剩余物为原料，在传统水浴浸提的基础上，为寻求高效、省时、节能、经济的阿拉伯半乳聚糖提取新方法，分别利用微波技术和超声波技术来提取落叶松木材加工剩余物中的阿拉伯半乳聚糖。采用生物分离、纯化技术对粗阿拉伯半乳聚糖进行纯化。并将纯化后的糖进行糖含量、结构方面的分析。 以探索较好的微波和超声波浸提阿拉伯半乳聚糖的提取工艺为目标，全面、系统地对影响阿拉伯半乳聚糖提取效果的各个因素逐一进行了分析研究，并通过单因素变化范围确定正交实验方案，进而得出较佳的微波和超声波提取工艺条件。微波提取工艺条件：即原料目数60～80目，料液比为1：35，微波作用时间35 min，微波作用功率210 W，得率为17.5％；超声波提取工艺条件：超声波作用功率为0-120W，料液比为1：35，原料的粒度为40～60目，时间为40 min，得率为18.4％。并将微波提取法、超声波提取法和传统水浴浸提法做了比较分析。 对于从落叶松木材加工剩余物中提取到的粗阿拉伯半乳聚糖，本论文采用超滤膜分离装置、大孔吸附树脂柱层析和聚酰胺柱层析来分离纯化粗阿拉伯半乳聚糖，并根据阿拉伯半乳聚糖自身的特点，利用苯酚-硫酸比色法测得纯化后的阿拉伯半乳聚糖的纯度可以达到98.69％。通过傅立叶红外光谱对所得阿拉伯半乳聚糖进行了结构分析。 本论文对从兴安落叶松木材加工剩余物中阿拉伯半乳聚糖的提取使用了新的提取方法，得出了较佳的工艺，经生物分离技术纯化后的产品纯度可达98.69％。本论文内容为落叶松木材中的阿拉伯半乳聚糖的提取和纯化提供宝贵的经验，为我国植物药的合理利用奠定了一定的基础，同时也为我国废弃资源的合理利用开辟了新的途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, arabogalactan was extracted from a kind of wood processing surplus, wood flour of Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) with water. Based on conventional water bath method, the extraction processes were done under microwave or ultrasonic in order to high effect, save time, save energy, economical and get new arabogalactan extraction methods. The raw extracted was refined with biological separation and purification. The content, structure, physical properties of the arabogalactan after purification were analyzed.The experiments aimed at the optimum extractive parameters of arabogalactan under microwave or ultrasonic. Almost every factor’s effecting on the extraction was analyzed, and the ranges of them was determined, then the optimum extractive parameters was obtained. The optimum extraction parameters under microwave condition were obtained as follows: 210 W microwave power, 35 min, 1:35 ratio of solid to liquid (by weight), 0.2 ~ 0.3 mm wood flour particle size, the extraction yield was 17.5%. The optimum extraction parameters under supersonic condition were obtained as follows: 0-120 W supersonic power, 40 min, 1:35 ratio of solid to liquid (by weight), 0.3 ~ 0.45 mm wood flour particle size, the extraction yield was 18.4%. The methods under microwave and supersonic respectively were compared with the conventional method.The raw arabogalactan, which was extracted from in the experiments wood flour of Larix gmelinii (Rupr.), was purified respectively by super filtrate membrane, big pore adsorption resin columniation and polyamide columniation. The arabogalactan content was measured by phenol-sulfuric acid colorimetry and the structure of it was analyzed by FTIR and UV. Other physical properties of it, such as acidity, viscidity were determined.This paper gave a credible theoretical foundation for the utilization of Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) processing surplus and gave valuable extraction and purification of arabogalactan. Meanwhile it offered a new way to utilization of waste wood resource.更多还原