【作者】 王波；

【导师】 李路曲；

【作者基本信息】 山西大学 ， 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本文着重运用“两重分析”法，在西方民主观的视野下对儒家民本思想作了系统的归纳和总结。第一节在对民本思想的源头进行考察之后，认为民本思想是儒家“天下为公”之政治理想在封建专制政治下的最大可能的落实，其不仅是人性善的逻辑结论，更是暴力战争实践经验的总结；第二节归纳了民本思想的主要内涵，并从“合法性”这一角度对其进行了理解和分析；第三节通过对民本与封建政治关系的探讨，指出民本思想对于整合封建统治体系，调和社会阶级矛盾，限制昏君暴政，改善民众生活起到了重要作用，但客观上也使得封建专制统治相对长治久安，根深蒂固，从而导致中国民主制度之发生发展难以与世界同步。因此，民本思想具有福祸并存的双重作用；第四节对民本与民主进行了比较，指出民本虽没有程序民主的内容，但在精神层面却和民主观念有着相通的一面，在提出一种新的理解角度即民本是一种“模拟民主”之后，笔者不仅力图从理论上重新构造民本思想，以实现其向民主的转进，而且文章最后认为，东亚现代化的成功为实现此一转进提供了现实路径，即民本——市场经济——民主政治的所谓“三点一线”模式。更多还原

【Abstract】 By applying the two-level analysis method, this thesis generalizes and summarizes the people-rooted thought of Confucianism systematically in the view of western ideology of democracy. In the first section the author contends, after investigating the source of the people-rooted thought, that this thought is most feasible implementation of the Confucianist thought taking the whole world as one community under the rule of feudal autocracy, which is not only the logic conclusion of "people are born kind" but also a summarization of the practical experience of the violent warfare. The second section generalizes the major connotation of the people-rooted thought and makes an analysis of it from the perspective of "legitimacy". In the third section the author points out, though the exploration of the relationship between the people root and feudal politics, that the people-rooted thought plays an important role in integrating the political system of feudalism, mediating social class contradictions, restricting the despotic rule of a self-indulgent ruler, improving the living standards, objectively, it results in a relatively lasting political stability and deep root of the despotic rule of feudalism, which is one of the reasons why the development of democracy in China can not catch up with that around the world. Therefore, the people-rooted thought has twofold functions which combine the blessing with the misfortune. The last section makes a comparison between the people root and democracy, claiming that although it has no such substance as procedure democracy, the people-rooted thought strikes the same cord with democracy in the level of spirit. After advancing a new understanding, namely that the people-rooted thought is a kind of "simulated democracy", the author attempts to restructure the people-rooted thought theoretically so as to push it forward towards the evolution of the democracy. Finally, this thesis argues that the success of modernization in East Asia provided a practical route for realizing this evolution, that is, the"three points and one line" model: people-rooted thought-market-oriented economy-politics of democracy.更多还原