【作者】 骆东玲；

【导师】 张金屯；

【作者基本信息】 山西大学 ， 环境科学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 虽然大众旅游则诞生于19世纪中叶，随着人类社会生产力的不断提高，大从传统旅游业得以迅速发展，旅游业的经济收入已经超过世界GNP的6％，它的劳动大军已超过1亿，超过占全球劳动人数的6％。但随着环境问题逐渐严峻，给人们敲响了警钟，旅游业的可持续发展问题成为人们最为关注的焦点之一。在20世纪80年代初，强调回归大自然和保护大自然，与社会、经济、生态协调发展的生态旅游被提出。生态旅游概念一经提出，受到广范关注，不同学者从不同角度对其进行研究与阐述。经过二十多年的发展，生态旅游的概念日趋成熟，研究也由原来的单纯进行概念研究逐渐发展到对具体案例的研究，使生态旅游研究更具有实用性。 庞泉沟自然保护区，位于东经111°22′～111°33′，北纬37°45′～37°55′，关帝山的腹部，森林覆盖率高，物种丰富，主要保护国家一级保护动物褐马鸡。该保护区气候怡人，景色秀丽，是黄土高原上不可多得的“绿色明珠”，也是一处旅游胜地。 本文主要从旅游区植被分类、排序，旅游资源评价，旅游规划与管理这几个方面，对庞泉沟生态旅游进行研究。 利用TWINSPAN分类方法和DCA排序方法，对庞泉沟主要旅游资源——植被群落进行数量研究。第一轴基本上反映了各植物群落所在环境的海拔和热量梯度，从左到右，海拔在体呈升高趋势，热量呈下降趋势；第二轴基本反映了各植物群落所在的坡度梯度，从下到上呈良好的发展趋势，从群落类型来看，各群落类型在排序图上有规律地分布，得出庞泉沟植被结构合理，分布符合自然进化规律，庞泉沟生态旅游资源未受到破坏，人为因素不明显。 运用“面积法”来计算庞泉沟的旅游日容量，它的环境容量约2700人／日，目前只有120人／日，远远低于环境日容量，具有很大的开发潜力。并采用定性与定量相结合的方法，用层次分析法(AHP)来确定因子之间的权重值来衡量生态旅游资源与生态承受能力对生态旅游适宜度的影响程度，结果显示，庞泉沟的自然资源多样，但存在开发程度不足，辅助实施相对落后，缺乏完善的服务体系。游客对庞泉沟的自然环境比较满意，而认为景点少特色，辅助实施相对落后，管理水平跟不上；当地居民从庞泉沟开发旅游业得到一定的实惠，但不显著，这就需要引起开发者的注意，为当地居民创造就业机会，增加他们的经济收入是自然保护区开发旅游的初衷之一。 综合以上的研究分析，庞泉沟旅游资源非常丰富，但其开发不力，景观缺乏特色，服务水平低，管理落后，对庞泉沟生态旅游进行合理规划和管理是必要的。为了能使庞泉沟生态旅游资源得以充分且又能达到可持续发展，相关政府部门应加强合作、积极引进外资、加大开发力度，并与周边旅游景区协作、开展特色生态旅游；同时加大宣传力度、提高服务人员的综合素质、加强对旅游区和游人的管理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Although the tourism emerged in the middle of the 19th century, it developed rapidly with the increasing productivity, resulting in the severe environment problems. The lotion of "Going back to and protecting the nature" was also put forward in 1980s’, and the concept of eco-tourism received attention from all over the world, aiming at a kind of balanced development between society, economy and ecology. For more man twenty years, the study on it became more and more satisfactory and practical.Pangquan Gully natural conservation region lies at E111@ 22’ ~ 111@ 33’, N37@ 45’ ~ 37@ 55’ in Guandi mountains. There are enough ecotourist resources, and a wild range of plants with mild climate and attractive scenery. Therefore, it is a proper place for tourism.This article mainly deals with the investigation of the Pangquan Gully, a ecotourism place, by ways of quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis in the ordination and classification evaluation of resources, planning and management perspectives, natural conservation region, with all kinds of configure of earth surface, lots of living resources, and obvious vertical changes of climate, vegetation and soil. It is fit for eco-tourism.In the analysis of ecological relationship between vegetation and environment, we got 11 community types by combining TWINSPAN with DCA. The first axis of OCA indicated the elevation level and heat gradient while the second axis indicated slope factor. The analysis shows that the resource of tourism in Pangquan Gully is abundant and the construction is rational. The situation of vegetation in Pangquan Gully conforms to the rule of natural evolution.We use EIA method to calculate Pangquan Gully’s day-capacity and the result shows mat the day-capacity of tourists is about 2700, which is much higher than its reality. So there exists great potential. We make use of the AHP- the method of quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis to evaluate the quantity of tourism resources in Pangquan Gully, and also poll investigation to valuate the market. The outcome is mat the resource of tourism in Pangquan Gully is abundant and various; but the auxiliary installations and the service lags behind relatively, and so on.From what has been discussed above, we believe that there is great potential to develop the ecotourism in Pangquan Gully. However, mere are a lot of program to take before exploiting the resource reasonably. Firstly, it is necessary to develop the characteristic of eco-tourism basing on the theory of ecology, under the guide of policy and attracting kinds of vestment in Pangquan Gully. Secondly, coordination is indispensable between Pangquan Gully and othertourist regions in Shanxi province. Thirdly, the service level must be increased, because it isessential for environment conversation. And inhabitant’s income should be increased to cultivate a certain number from the local residents. Finally, some steps must be taken to strengthen the management of the travelers and the tourist surroundings looked, after.更多还原