【作者】 沈晓东；

【导师】 刘俊勇；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 电力系统及其自动化， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 随着国民经济的发展和人民物质文化生活水平的不断提高，对电力需求愈来愈大，促使电力事业迅速发展，电网不断扩大，用户对供电质量和供电可靠性要求越来越高，甚至连发生电源的瞬时中断也不能忍受。传统的技术和管理手段已无法适应新的形势，新技术的使用势在必行。 配电网开关配置是配电系统规划的重要组成部分。由于问题的复杂性和组合性，传统的数学规划方法虽然能够从理论上保证方案的最优性，但所需时间较长，占用计算机内存大。人工智能算法，如遗传算法、神经网络法、模拟退火法等面临算法依赖参数，计算速度慢和解有可能不收敛等问题。本文提出了以费用最小为目标函数的配电网开关配置新模型，并使用改进的分步最优法求解。一次配置一个开关，分步配置，使用简化规则逐步缩小配置范围，既保证了收敛速度，又能得到全局最优解。 配电网中包含大量的分段开关及少量的联络开关，因此在正常运行条件下可根据不同的负荷情况，改变这些开关的开／合状态调整网络结构。一方面可降低网损；另一方面可使负荷在各线路和变压器之间尽量平均分配。经过十几年不懈探索，配电系统的重构问题已经取得了令人瞩目的进展，并提出了各种求解方法和数学模型，但在很多方面如重构算法的收敛性、寻优效果及运算速度上还存在着不足。本文基于路交换法，以网损最小为配电网重构的目标，采用一种新的配电网最优流模式算法计算开关操作引起的网损，提出了一个建立在严格理论分析基础上的打开开关的启发式规则，根据分步最优法的原理确定开关开启的先后次。算法算式简明，计算速度快，重构结果最优。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of national economy and the continuous improvement of people’s life, electric power required more and more, customers make demands on high power supply quantity and reliability, even occurrence to instantaneous power supply break off can’t suffer, which makes electric industry grow fast and electric network expand quickly. Because traditional technique and management means can’t already adapt to the new situation, the new technique must be used.Switches allocation in distribution-- network is an important part of distribution network programming. Due to the complicacy and combination, traditional mathematical optimal approaches can theoretically guarantee the optimum, but it costs long time and request large EMS memory. Algorithms based on artificial intelligence, such as algorithms based on genetic, artificial neural network and simulated annealing, rely on initial parameter. And their velocities are slow; perhaps their results can’t constringency. A new model of distribution network switches allocation to minimize cost is presented. The improved multiple-step optimization algorithm is used to solve the model. One switch is placed in every optimal processing and simplified rules are used to shorten the searching areas. It not only insures the convergence of the algorithm, but work out optimal solution.There are a lot of sectionalizing switches and tie switches. By changing the status of feeder switches, distribution feeder configuration will be altered and the resulting line flow, bus voltage, and losses will be redistributed. Notable advancements have achieved after long time study, and all kinds of approaches tosolve distribution network reconfiguration problem are presented. However, they are very time-consuming and their convergences are bad. This paper based on switch exchange method, for reconfiguration of power distribution network to minimize cost, proposes the heuristic rule based on strictly academic analysis. The sequence deciding the status of feeder switches is also proposed based on multiple-step optimization algorithm in this paper. Case studies are given to show that the method is efficient and practical.更多还原