论王夫之的诗学价值取向

【作者】 王凤翔；

【导师】 谌兆麟；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 文艺学， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 儒家文化经过历史积淀形成了中夏礼教文明，即汉民族的信仰价值体系，王夫之(船山)正是据此把以诗歌推动社会的文明化程度作为其诗论根本价值取向的。 在“君子”、“小人”论中，船山特重视儒家信仰价值体系的传播者、引导者和执行者——君子的作用，并认为“君子”与“小人”跟“中夏”与“夷狄”成一一对映，其充要依据是在诗学上表现为经过儒家政教伦理浸蕴的“性情”。 王夫之论诗体，一方面从纵的方面通过诗歌与其他体裁的比较，道出了诗歌的内在本质与文体独特性；另一方面从横的角度通过诗式之比较，肯定古体诗，否定律诗。在诗歌结构上要求“作句以天为主”以生成意象，“谋篇天人合用”以融成意境，“神韵”一以贯之。同时他尤推重“天”即艺术直觉，也极为重视字、句、篇的完美统一。他诗体论和诗歌结构观反映了他的诗学价值取向。 船山通过对兴、观、群、怨的阐释，认为兴、观、群、怨的社会价值功能在于陶冶性情，改造和教化民众，推动社会的文明化。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Confucian culture, after many years of historic accumulation, formed the Confucian civilization of Zhong Xia (ancient name for China), namely,the systems of belief and value of Han nationality, Wang Fu - zhi (Chuan shan), on the very basis of this, considered degree of civilization motivated by poetry to be his orientation of poetic value .Chuan shan, when expounding "gentlemen" and "small men",attached great importance to the propagator of, the leader of and the executor of the systems of belief and value-"gentlemen", and argued that "gemtlenen"and "small men" in his theory of poetry values are equal to "Zhong Xia" and "Ancient Tribes in the East and North" respectively. The law of sufficient reason in his system is revealed in" disposition" which is infiltrated by Confucian politics, religion and ethics.In terms of poetic form, Wang Fu - zhi, on the one hand, through the comparison of poetry with other types of literature from vertical angle, elaborates poetry as a unique literary form;On the other hand,by comparing rules of peotry from horizontal angle, affirms ancient peotry and negates Lushi. In terms of poetry structure, Wang Fu - zhi argues that sentence - making should be based upon heaven to create images, and constructing a text should stick to the theory that man is an integral part of nature to merge into artistic conception, and "romantic charm" should adhere to the unity preceding all things. Meanwhile, he holds in great esteem that "heaven" is exactly artistic intuition, and also attaches great importance to perfect unity of word, sentence and text. His theory on poetry as a form of literature and viewpoints on poetic structure reflected his poetic value orientation.Chuan shan, by elaborating Xing,Guan,Qun and Yuan, held that social value functions of the four lie in the molding of a person’ s temperament, reforming and civizing the nation and motivating social civilization.更多还原