【作者】 吴江霞；

【导师】 孙平；

【作者基本信息】 江苏大学 ， 动力机械及工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 随着能源短缺、环境污染问题的日益严峻，研究开发新型代用燃料成为解决这一问题的途径之一。 本文以利用乳化油减少柴油机燃油耗和降低排气污染为主要目标，先从理论上分析了乳化油节能和降低排放的机理，然后利用表面化学的知识筛选出适当的表面活性剂，复配出高效的复合型乳化剂并用其配制出不同掺水率的稳定的乳化柴油，对乳化油的物性(粘度、热值等)及影响乳化油稳定性的因素进行了分析。 为了解柴油机燃用乳化油后的经济性和排放，对S195柴油机上分别燃用纯柴油和不同配比的乳化油的台架试验结果进行了分析。结果表明：燃用乳化油节油率有所提高，当n=2000r／min，掺水率为20％时最大节油率可达4.1％；燃用乳化油的热效率也高于燃用纯柴油；NO_x、颗粒排放比燃用纯柴油时则有大幅度降低，当n=1500r／min掺水率为20％时，NO_x排放量下降的最大值可达43.4％；固体颗粒物排放量在整个负荷范围内的平均值比燃用纯柴油时低46％～64％；随着乳化油掺水量的提高，排放效果改善越明显；而THC和CO的排放量则比燃用纯柴油时有所升高。 由试验结果可以看出，燃油乳化技术是一种降低油耗、改善排放的有效手段，因此乳化油是一种很有发展前途的代用燃料。更多还原

【Abstract】 Due to the shortage of oil resource and pollution of the environment, substitutive fuels become an effective method for solving those problems.The aim of this research is to decrease fuel consumption and lessen NOx and particulates by using emulsified fuel in diesel. The mechanism of fuel saving and emission reduction were discussed in this paper. Based on surface chemistry, proper emulsifiers were selected to produce stable emulsified diesel oil, which contains different amount of water. The characters of emulsified fuel such as viscosity, heat value and factors in connect with stability were analyzed.In order to know the results of fuel consumption and emission by using emulsified fuel in diesel, the experimental results of SI95 diesel engine by using pure diesel oil and different emulsified fuels were analyzed. The results showed that when using emulsified fuel, fuel economy was improved. When the water dose was 20% and engine speed was 2000r/min, the maximum fuel saving was 4.1%; the thermal efficiency of emulsified fuels was higher than that of using pure diesel oil. NOX and particulates emissions were reduced greatly by using emulsified fuels. When water dose was 20% and engine speed was 1500 r/min, the maximum NOX reduction was 43.4%; The average of particulates under all loads was reduced by the extent of 46%~64%. The more water dose, the better results. However, compared with using pure diesel oil, THC and CO emissions were increased when using emulsified fuel.From the results we can conclude that emulsified fuel can reduce emissions and save fuel, thus it will have good prospect.更多还原