基于地理信息的对地跟踪系统研究

【作者】 杨峰；

【导师】 潘泉； 张洪才；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来，随着国防形势的变化，现代军事战略思想的发展，以及我国国力的增强，我国国防战略也作了相应调整，由过去单方面强调防御转变为攻防兼备。这使得对地探测、跟踪与攻击系统的研究受到高度重视。本论文以某型对地跟踪系统的研制为背景，通过引入地理信息，提出几种对地目标跟踪的算法，并进行了仿真和外场环境试验。论文主要工作如下： 1．对目前国内外跟踪技术进行了较为系统的论述，特别是对地面目标跟踪特性以及近年来发展的应用地理信息的跟踪算法进行了概要分析。 2．针对地图调整方差法的局限性，引入方向性过程噪声来表征目标在不同的道路上运动，推导出判断目标在道路上的一般公式，提出“扩展地图调整方差法”。理论分析和仿真研究表明，当目标在道路上或者道路交叉点，或者目标从道路到道路外及从道路外到道路上的过渡过程时，目标跟踪性能得到改善。 3．将扩展地图调整方差法与C-IMM结合起来，提出固定结构C-IMM扩展地图调整方差法，从而将多模型思想引入对地跟踪系统。理论分析和仿真表明，基于多模型的“C-IMM扩展地图调整方差法”对于目标在道路交叉点时，或者目标在道路上匀速运动时，跟踪性能有所改进。 4．进一步研究了变结构多模型滤波器对地跟踪问题，并对其进行了理论分析和仿真。理论分析和仿真结果表明，由于利用了地理信息，VS-IMM对于目标在道路上运动时，跟踪性能有所改进。 5．根据某型机载对地跟踪系统的研制要求，利用面向对象的程序设计思想，初步设计研制完成了机载对地TWS数据处理系统，包括量测数据预处理，自动目标起始与终结，手动目标起始与终结，跟踪维持，通讯接口等模块。整个系统按照工程软件实现并封装，并在模拟源环境及实际外场环境均进行了实验。实验结果表明所研制系统基本达到设计要求，完成了第一期研制计划。更多还原

【Abstract】 Recently, with the change of national-defence situation, the development of modern military stratagem, and the improvement of our national power, national-defence stratagem shifts from only defence to both defence and attack. The shift makes ground target detecting, tracking and attacking system to attract highly attention. Based on the development of a certain ground target tracking system, the paper presents several ground target tracking algorithms by using geographic information. The main accomplishments are:1. We give a systematic overview of currently tracking techniques. Particularly, we analyze the characteristic of ground target tracking and currently ground target tracking algorithms using geographic information.2. Aim at the limit of map-tuned variance method, we use directional noise to handle the motion along different road. Then, we evolve the general formula to judge whether the target is on road or not, and present "extended map-tuned variance method". Theory analyzing and simulations show that: When target is on road, on road-junction, or on the transition from on-road to off-road (from off-road to on-road), the performance of tracking algorithm using extended map-tuned variance method is improved obviously.3. We present "C-IMM extended map-tuned variance method" to combine C-IMM and extended map-tuned variance method. Simulations show that: the performance of target tracking is improved by using C-IMM extend map-tuned variance method when target is on road or junction.4. We review variable structure multiple model (VS-MM) ground target tracking method, and analyze the algorithm systematically. Simulations show that: the performance of target tracking is improved when target is on road by using VS-IMM based on geographic information.5. According to the requirement of a certain air-borne tracking system, we primarily finish the development of air-borne TWS date processing system by usingoriented object programming theory. The TWS data processing system includes models such as, auto track initiation, auto track expiry, track maintenance, track initiation by hand, track expiry by hand, and communication I/O etc. the TWS data processing system developed and encapsulated as engineering software is tested by radar simulator and practical radar. The result of test proves that the TWS data processing system meets the requirement of design.更多还原