【作者】 丁瑞霞；

【导师】 张保军；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 作物栽培学与耕作学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究方案共设计两个试验：一个是“科瀚98”保水剂与肥料配比试验，另一个是“科瀚98”保水剂拌种与喷施试验。第一个试验针对“科瀚98”和肥料两个因素，运用系统工程“最佳模拟配合法”，建立二元二次回归数学模型，探索保水剂与肥料配合施用的最佳方案；第二个试验采用随机区组设计，共设8个处理，主要研究了“科瀚98”对冬小麦陕农28植株性状、生理特性、产量及品质等方面的调控效应。本研究旨在为小麦生产进一步推广该保水剂提供理论依据，试验结果表明： 1．建立数学模型，分析了保水剂与肥料的独立效应、互作效应、边际产量效应；找到了小麦产量最高的农艺方案为x₁=-1.414，x₂=-1，相当于保水剂的稀释倍数为20倍，肥料每公顷施基肥739.40kg。 2．“科瀚98”拌种能够提高出苗率，增加3.98％；分蘖数和次生根数分别比对照增加4.95％和6.92％；降低株高，比对照低2.52％；单株鲜重、干重以及根冠比分别比对照增加8.73％、8.9％、18.47％。 3．“科瀚98”处理后对旗叶的生理特性有一定的调控效应。主要表现在：提高了保水力，增大幅度为7.58～17.2％；降低了失水量，提高了自由水和束缚水的比率；处理4、7和8与对照的水分利用效率差异达到显著水平，分别比对照提高27.45％、28.49％和34.97％。尤以处理8（拌种+孕穗期、灌浆期）效果最好；提高了旗叶叶绿素含量，旗叶最高叶绿素含量平均比对照增加32.76％；使得旗叶MDA积累速度慢，含量低，因而能够延缓叶片衰老，维持较好的光合功能。 4．“科瀚98”可提高茎秆、叶鞘干物质量，增大茎秆、叶鞘的容纳和输出物质的能力。 5．“科瀚98”处理后能改善小麦穗部性状。主要表现在：小麦穗长增大，其增幅为1.9％～17.6％；不孕小穗数降低了26.05％；结实小穗数比对照高，处理8与对照的差异达极显著水平，比对照多3.2个；穗粒数平均比对照高3.34个；千粒重增加，提高了5.60％～9.82％；处理8与对照的差异达极显著水平，提高9.82％。 6．“科瀚98”处理后对产量有一定的作用，其增幅为2.08％～20.31％，其中，以处理8（拌种+孕穗、灌浆各喷1次）的产量最高，达20.31％；同时，籽粒的品质还在一定程度上得到了改善。更多还原

【Abstract】 Two experiments are designed in the research, one is experiment of dosing ratio between kehan98 and fertilizer, the other is winter wheat is sprayed with Kehan98 super absorbent polymer in different growth period. In the first experiment, mathematics model (regression equation) is founded with systems engineering, studying effect of dosing ratio between kehan98 and fertilizer. Plant characteristic, physiological traits, yield and quality of winter wheat are studied with randomized block design and eight treatments in the second experiment. So they can supply a theoretical basis for wheat production. The main results as follows:l.In the first experiment, mathematics model (regression equation) is founded, main effect, two-factor interaction and marginal yield effect of kehan98 and fertilizer are analyzed, agricultural project of the most yield is discovered, that is, x1= -1.414, X2= -1.2.Seed dressing with kehan98 can improve the seedling rate which is more than control by 3.98 percent, lower plant height which is shorter than control by 2.52 percent. The number of tiller and secondary root separately is more than control by 4.95 percent and 6.92 percent, wet and dry weight of the single stub is heavier than control by 8.73 percent and 8.9 percent, root-cap rate is 1.18 times size of control.3.Kehan98 have a regulating effect on flag leaf physiological traits. It can boost water-retaining capacity which is higher than control by 7.58 to 17.2 percent, reduce water loss of flag leaf, improve ratio of free water and bound moisture, WUE of treatment 4,7,8 is larger than control by 27.45 percent, 28.49 percent, 34.97 percent, particularly effect of treatment 8 is best. It can enhance chlorophyll content, maximum chlorophyll content increased 32.76 percent, decrease MDA content, make MDA the gather speed slow, so it can delay leaf decrepitude, keep photosynthesis preferably.4.Kehan98 can increase the dry matter amount of stem and sheath, improve their capacity of holding and exporting the material.5.Through the kehan98 treatment, wheat ear trait can improve. Its ear length becomes longer than control by 1.9 to 17.6 percent, the sterile spikes become lower than control by 26.05 percent, the non-sterile spikes are higher than control, the treatment 8 is the most significant and is higher than control by 3.29 per ear, the grains per ear become more than 3.34 grains, weight of 1000 grains is heavier than control by 5.60 to 9.82 percent, thetreatment 8 get very significant, more than control by 9.82 percent.6.Kehan98 has an effect on the yield. Its yield increases from 2.08 percent to 20.31 percent, among them, the treatment 8 increases maximum, which is 20.31 percent. Inaddition, grain quality has a certain improvement through kehan98.更多还原