【作者】 周庆安；

【导师】 姚军虎；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 设计麦麸含量分别为0％、3％、6％、9％及9％麦麸+500IU／Kg微生物植酸酶的5种试验日粮，所有试验日粮的表观代谢能、粗蛋白、钙、总磷、有效磷、亚油酸、粗纤维及主要必需氨基酸(赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、蛋+胱氨酸、异亮氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、精氨酸)含量相等或相近。 本研究的主要目的： 1．研究麦麸含量及添加微生物植酸酶对3—6周龄肉仔鸡生产性能、养分表观利用率、血液生化指标及胫骨质量的影响； 2．研究麸皮中天然存在的植酸酶对提高整个试验日粮总磷利用率、血清指标的影响； 3．日粮中麸皮含量对肉鸡粪便含水量的影响。 试验结果表明： 1．在日粮主要营养成分含量相等的情况下，3—6周龄肉仔鸡日粮中含9％麦麸可显著提高日粮干物质、总磷的表观利用率，与0％、3％、6％麦麸处理组相比，分别提高7.50％(p＜0.05)、8.67％(p＜0.05)、4.92％(p＞0.05)、29.94％(p＜0.05)、27.62％(p＜0.05)及18.75％(p＜0.05)，肉鸡平均日增重、血清钙磷含量、胫骨灰分含量与不含麦麸的对照组相同(p＞0.05)。但9％麦麸组的料重比、排泄物含水量显著低于0％麦麸的对照组，可分别降低11.16％(p＜0.05)、4.64％(p＜0.05)。9％麦麸组胫骨磷含量与0％麦麸的对照组相比，可提高16.75％(p＜0.05)。 2．肉鸡日粮中使用3％以上麦麸，可显著降低粪便含水量(p＜0.05)，3％、6％、9％麦麸组及9％麦麸+500IU／Kg微生物植酸酶组与不加麦麸的对照组相比，粪便含水量分别降低4.43％、4.89％、4.64％及3.34％。 3．日粮等养分含量情况下，日粮含3％和6％麦麸，肉鸡平均日增重、日采食量显著低于不含麦麸的对照组，可分别降低6.85％(p＜0.05)、12.59％(p＜0.01)、2.81％(p＜0.05)和12.35％(p＜0.01)，但料重比显著优于0％麦麸对照组，3％及6％麦麸组的料重比可分别降低6.05％(p＜0.05)和9.77％(p＜0.05)。 4．综合考虑本研究结果认为，只要保证日粮主要营养成分满足，3—6周龄肉鸡日粮含6％—9％麦麸对生产有益。在正常磷水平下，日粮含9％麦麸时再添加微生物植酸酶没有明显作用。 5．3—6周龄肉鸡日粮含9％以上麦麸对生产性能、养分代谢影响及低有效磷高麦麸日粮中添加微生物植酸酶的效果有待于进一步研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 Under the condition of equal level of apparent metabolic energy, protein, calcium, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, linoleic acid, cure fiber, and main essential ammonia acids (such as Lys, Met, Met+Cys, Ile, Thr, Trp,and Arg), a study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary wheat bran levels (0%,3%,6%,9%) and 9% wheat bran plus 500IU/Kg microbial phytase on productive performance, utilization of main nutrients and tibia quality in broilers.The purpose of this study as follows:1. To study the effects of wheat bran levels in diet on productive performance, apparent utilization of main nutrients, and tibia quality in 3-6 weeks broiler chickens.2. To investigate the impact of natural plant phytase in wheat bran diet on total phosphorus utilization of whole experimental diets and serum parameter in broilers.3. To determine the effect of wheat bran levels on feces moisture. The result of the study showed:1. Under the condition of equal level of main dietary nutrient, the diet contain of 9% wheat bran had significantly affected the apparent utilization of dry material(DM), and total phosphorus(TP). The treatment of 9% wheat bran increased the apparent utilization of DM and TP vs. 0%, 3%, 6% wheat bran groups by 7.50% (p<0.05), 8.67%(p<0.05), 4.92%(p<0.05), 29.94% (p>0.05), 27.62% (p<0.05), and 18.75%(p<0.05), respectively. The average daily body gain (ADG), Ca and P content in serum, tibia ash in 9% wheat bran group had no significant difference with the control group without wheat bran (p>0.05). But feed/gain efficiency and fecal moisture in 9% wheat bran group decreased significantly with the control group without wheat bran by 11.16%(p<0.05) and 4.64% (p<0.05), respectively. The 9% wheat bran group increased tibia P content significantly compared with the control group without wheat bran by 16.75%(p<0.05). Under this condition (9% wheat bran level), adding 500IU/Kg microbial phytase is no significant effect on productive performance, Ca and P in serum, apparent nutrient utilization, and tibia quality (p>0.05).2. Using 3% and more upper wheat bran level in broiler’s diet decreased fecalmoisture significantly (p<0.05). The fecal moisture in 3%,6%,9% wheat bran groups and 9% wheat bran plus 500IU/Kg microbial phytase group decreased fecal moisture compared with the control group without wheat bran by 4.43% (p<0.05), 4.89% (p<0.05), 4.64%(p<0.05),and 3.34%(p<0.05).3. Under the condition of equal level of dietary nutrition, the ADG, ADFI in 3% and 6% wheat bran groups were lower than the control group without wheat bran significantly. Comparing with the control group, the treatment of 3% and 6% wheat bran group decreased ADG and ADFI by 6.85%(p<0.05), 12.59% (p<0.01), 2.81%(p<0.05), and 12.35%(p<0.01), respectively. The feed/gain efficiency in 3% and 6%wheat bran group were significant better than the control group. The feed/gain efficiency in 3% and 6% wheat bran group decreased by 6.05%(p<0.05), and 9.77%(p<0.05) vs. the control group.4. Synthesizing the result of this study, if dietary nutrition is satisfied with the requirement of 3-6 weeks broiler chickens, it is beneficial the diet contains 6%-9% wheat bran. Under normal phosphorus level, it is not significant useful adding microbial phytase when the diet contains 9% wheat bran.5. It is going to research for the further that the effects of diet which contain more than 9% wheat bran and adding microbial phytase to low available phosphorus and high wheat bran diet on productive performance, and nutrient utilization in 3-6 weeks broiler chickens.更多还原