换热设备CAD网络化系统研究与应用

【作者】 赵红兵；

【导师】 董其伍；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 化工过程机械， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 热力系统是实现化工、化肥、炼油、电力、环保等工业所必须的热功转换的工艺系统。在热力系统中，换热设备的投资约占企业总投资较大比重，换热设备性能的好坏直接影响了过程工业热经济性的高低。随着CAD技术的迅速发展和应用，CAD已经成为提高产品与工程设计水平、缩短产品开发与工程建设周期、大幅度提高劳动生产率和产品质量的主要手段。 在信息技术高速发展的今天，产品设计要求CAD系统具有多人参与的快速设计，异地设计制造等功能，以缩短产品开发周期，提高产品竞争力，充分利用优势资源，简化维护管理。但传统的CAD系统多以单独系统设计为主要形式，具有产品设计开发周期长、资源共享性低、管理维护困难、开放性差等固有局限性。因此，开发适应现代产品设计需求的CAD系统，以克服传统CAD系统的局限性，就是一个摆在应用开发者面前的重要问题。 网络CAD技术利用网络技术及其衍生技术，通过分布协同的工作方式使产品设计合理有序，设计方案和数据广泛优化，设计资源和信息模型广泛共享，从而保证了CAD产品的高性能、高质量、低成本和短周期。 本文在对Intranet技术、数据库技术、中间件技术等网络技术的衍生技术进行深入研究和分析的基础上，提出了换热设备异地设计的计算模式，给出了系统框架结构，并开发了基于Intranet的换热设备CAD网络化系统。本文主要工作如下： 1．网络技术是换热设备CAD网络化系统的理论基础，本文讨论了网络技术的衍生技术：Intranet技术、数据库技术、中间件技术，为建立换热设备CAD网络化系统打下了理论基础。从Intranet的特点和网络组成等方面论证了将Intranet网络作为换热设备CAD网络化系统的网络环境的必要性；分析了数据库的优点和三级模式结构，认为数据库是系统的运行基础；研究了中间件技术理论，阐述了中间件技术将应用和服务分离的特点是实现换热设备异地设计的关键，给出了中间件的选择方案，并讨论了采用ASP作为换热设备CAD网络化系统中间件的优势和ASP的关键技术。 2．给出了系统的网络体系结构，分别讨论了C/S结构和B/S结构的特点，比较了两者之间的差别，选择B/S结构作为系统的网络体系结构。建立了基于B/S结构的换热设备CAD网络化系统的系统框架，并提出了系统的功能模块构成和工作流程。结合换热设备设计的具体需求进行了系统的总体框架设计和功能分析。从网络操作系统和数据库管理系统两个方面阐述了系统软件平台的选择，确定整个系统建立在Windows 2000+IIS 5.0+ASP+MS SQL Server2000平台上。 3．根据换热设备设计的实际情况，对功能层和数据层进行规划。重点从换热设备工艺设计和机械设计两方面对功能层的业务逻辑作出规划。给出了功能层的业务逻辑规划图，并对工艺设计和机械设计进行模块分析，给出工艺设计和机械设计的组织结构图。按照新奥尔良(New Orleans)方法对数据层进行规划，将换热设备CAD网络化系统所需的数据划分为静态数据和动态数据两类;采用自底向上的策略分别对静态数据和动态数据进行概念设计，并分别给出了局部E一R图和全局E一R图。 4.根据静态数据和动态数据的E一R图进行数据库的逻辑设计，建立了换热设备CAD网络化系统的Web数据库。重点从ASP开发环境和vC++开发环境两方面研究了Aoo访问Web数据库的方法，并给出编程实例，为在ASP环境下访问Web数据库和VC++环境下访问访问数据库提供了存取方法。 5.研究了COM的接口技术，为组件开发提供理论基础.对工艺设计和机械设计进行流程分析，给出流程图，并在VC++ 6.0开发环境下采用八了L工具开发了工艺设计组件和机械设计组件，实现了换热器异地设计中将应用和服务相分离的关键问题，以工艺设计中气一液交换传热组件的开发过程为例详细给出了的工艺设计组件和机械设计组件的开发步骤。 6.按照换热设备设计的工作流程，采用ASP技术开发了换热设备CAD网络化系统的用户界面。在ASP文件中使用ASP对象调用工艺设计组件和机械设计组件，实现了换热设备的异地设计;结合AotiveX技术，实现了CAD工程图纸文件在V触b浏览器中的浏览;实现了用户管理机制和网络会议，初步建立了协同设计的工作环境。 通过换热设备CAD网络化系统的研究可知，针对B/S结构中中间层的业务逻辑组件开发是将应用和服务分离而实现换热设备CAD网络化系统的关键，ASP技术和COM技术的结合实现了换热设备异地设计，建立适合换热设备设计的研触b数据库是实现换热设备CAD网络化系统良好运行的基础。研究表明，将网络以D技术应用于换热设备的异地设计，不仅提高了换热设备的设计速度、加强了设计资源的共享、加强了人与人之间的协同支持、缩短了产品设计周期、简化了管理维护程度，而且为网络环境下进行CAD/cAM/CAPP/P哪/V’M的集成提供了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Thermodynamic system is a necessary technical system to achieve thermal-power transfer in chemical industry, chemical fertilizer industry, petroleum refining industry, electric power industry and environmental protection industry etc. In thermodynamic system, heat exchanger is in higher proportion in gross investment of an enterprise, and the performance of heat exchanger directly influences thermal economy. With the development of CAD technology, CAD has already become the main method in improving product and engineering design level, shortening period of product-design and engineering construction and improving labor productivity and product quality.During the rapid development of information technology, product design demands that CAD system has function of speedy design multi-person involvement and remote design, so that to shorten period of product-design, raise product competitive power and sufficiently use dominant resource. But most conventional CAD systems are in single form, and they have much inherent limitation such as long period of product-design, bad resource sharing, hard management and low openness. Therefore, it is an important problem to system designer that the CAD system of adapting modem product-design is developed.Network-centric CAD technology uses network technology and derived technology to achieve proper product-design, optimization of design scheme and data, sharing of design resource and information model. Therefore, it assures high performance and good quality and low cost and short period of CAD products.On the base of research and analysis of derived technology of network technology such as Intranet technology, database technology and middleware technology etc, this paper presents a computing model of heat exchanger remote-design and system frame construction, and develops a network-centric CAD system of heat exchanger based on Intranet. The mainly research of this paper follow:1. Network technology is the foundation of the network-centric CAD system of heat exchanger. This paper discusses the derived technology of network technology: Intranet technology, database technology and middleware technology, and lays the foundation for the network-centric CAD system of heat exchanger. It is proven necessary from the aspects of the features and network-constitution of Intranet that Intranet is chosen of the network environment of the network-centric CAD system of heat exchanger. The advantage and three levels model of database is analyzed, and it indicates that database is the run-time foundation of the system. The theory of middleware technology is deeply researched, and it is expatiated that the middleware technology’s characteristic of separating applications andservers is the key to implement remote-design of heat exchanger, and the scheme of middleware is chosen. Meanwhile the advantage and key technologies of ASP that is adopted as the middleware of the network-centric CAD system of heat exchanger are discussed.2. The network architecture of the system is presented. The construction features of C/S and B/S are respectively discussed and distinguished, then the B/S construction is chosen as the network architecture of the system. The system frame construction of the network-centric CAD system of heat exchanger is established on the base of B/S construction. The functional module and workflow of the system is presented. The gross frame is designed and the function of the system is analyzed according to the specific demand of heat exchanger design. The opinion of the software platform is discussed from two aspects of network operating system and database management system. Finally the gross system is established on the platform of Windows 2000+IIS 5.0+ASP+MS SQL Server 2000.3. According to the practical situation of heat exchanger design, the functional layer and data layer of the system is planed. The plan of operational logic of the functional layer place emphasis on technological design and mechanical design of heat exchanger. The planning map of operational l更多还原