【作者】 张荣峰；

【导师】 柴军；

【作者基本信息】 新疆农业大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 长期以来经济增长被归结为资本、技术、劳动力等物质要素不断投入的结果，改革开放前的中国投入大量的人力、物力、财力进行经济建设，但得到的却是低下的经济效率和几近崩溃的国民经济，事实告诉我们经济增长并不仅仅取决于物质的投入。以诺思先生为代表的新制度经济学家以全新的视角提出，一系列的制度变迁才是经济长期增长的源泉。以明晰的产权制度为核心的制度体系，减少了未来的不确定性因素，对人的经济活动和创新活动提供激励和保护，促进了经济增长。二十余年来的改革开放，我国的宏观经济制度发生一系列变迁，农地产权制度的创新、市场经济体制的确立等产生了前所未有的制度绩效，可以说一系列的制度变迁是中国经济增长的最大动力。同理制度变迁也对农业投资产生影响，因此本文将从制度变迁的角度对新疆农业投资进行系统的研究，并认为制度变迁引起农业投资规模、结构和绩效的变化。本研究从五个方面来论述： 第一部分是理论分析。该部分首先系统阐述了农业投资理论，并对制度变迁、农业投资和农业绩效关系进行理论研究，研究表明农业绩效并不仅仅取决于农业投资，在很大程度上受制于相应的制度环境。第二部分是新疆农业投资规模与结构分析。研究表明制度变迁下农业投资主体结构发生了变化，传统的政府主导型农业投资体系已逐步转变为以农户为主体的民间主导型农业投资体系。第三部分是新疆农业投资影响因素分析。从投资行为、投资环境和投入要素三个方面对影响农业投资的制度和非制度因素进行了系统分析。第四部分农业投资绩效分析。农业投资产出弹性和边际产值变化表明：制度变迁影响了农业投资绩效。第五部分新疆农业投资对策。从影响农业投资的各种制度和非制度因素角度提出了相应的对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 For a long time economic growth is regarded as the result which capital, labor and technology are put into production. Before open policy China had put lots of capital, labors and materials into economic construction，but gained low efficiency and almost bankrupted national economy. The fact tells us that economic growth is not only decided by factor inputs. New institutional economists on behalf of Mr. North proposed that a series of institutional changes are resource of economic growth from the new anger. Since 1978 Chinese macroeconomic institution has produced a series of changes. For example, innovation of farmland institute and establishment of market economy produce unprecedented institutional effect, so a series of institutional changes are the most important motivation of Chinese economic growth. Similarly they also affect agricultural investment，so the paper will study systematically Xinjiang agricultural investment from institutional changes, and thinks that institutional changes have caused the changes of scale ,structure and performance of agricultural investment.The thesis is devided into five chapters. Chapter one is theory analysis, which will systemly interpret agriculture investment theory, and study the relationship among institutional changes, agricultural investment and agricultural effect .The research shows that agricultural effect not only depends on agricultural investment,but the elevant institutional surroundings .Chapter two is the analysis about the amount and the structure of agricultural investment in Xinjiang . The research shows that the structure of agricultural investors has changed in institutional changes. Traditional government’s dominating agricultural investment system has already transformed into the folk dominating one which is mainly peasants. Chapter three is the analysis about the influent factors of Xinjiang agricultural investment,which systematically analysizes the institutional and noninstitutional factors of affecting agricultural investment according to investor action, putted-factors and envirenment of investment. Chapter four is the analysis about the agricultural investment effect. The changes of output elasticity of agricultural investment and marginal output indicate that institutional changes affect the agricultural investment effect. Finally, Chapter five provides relevant suggestions from institutional and noninstitutional factors of affecting agricultural investment.更多还原