【作者】 林凡旭；

【导师】 赵景玮；

【作者基本信息】 福建农林大学 ， 农药学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 家蝇(Musca domestica L．)属双翊目(Diptera)芒角亚目(Aristoccra)[一说环裂亚目(Aristocera)]蝇科(Muscidae)，是世界性卫生害虫，由于家蝇与人类接触密切及喜在室内活动的习性，成为人们研究和关注的对象。研究家蝇的抗药性防治策略，是制定防治对策的科学依据。 本研究着重研究了杀虫剂混配和加入增效剂对福州福建农林大学生防所相对敏感家蝇种群毒力的影响，对酶量、pH、反应时间、反应温度对家蝇的乙酰胆碱酯酶和羧酸酯酶的影响做了一些量化工作。结果表明： 1．用点滴法、药膜法、喷雾法这三种毒力测定方法分别测定了几种杀虫剂对生防所家蝇种群的毒力，结果显示，生防所所养之家蝇种群为相对敏感种群。 用喷雾法测定了福州福建农林大学家蝇种群对高效氯氰菊酯的抗药性，发现福建农林大学家蝇种群的抗性倍数是5.26倍，对高效氯氰菊酯的抗药性程度属于低水平抗性。 以敏感种群家蝇成虫为试虫，以喷雾法研究了增效醚对高效氯氰菊酯的增效作用，PB对高效氯氰菊酯的增效作用属于相加作用。PB对高效氯氰菊酯的增效作用符合方程y=-0.0156x~2+0.1623x+1.2098(r=0.8862)，以PB和其它几种杀虫剂的比例为5：1时，对敏感家蝇种群成虫的毒力增效倍数为胺菊酯2.51倍、氯菊酯1.40倍、右旋反式丙烯菊酯0.50倍、右旋丙炔菊酯1.67倍、80％DDV乳油1.38倍，各杀虫剂与PB混配均表现为相加作用。 以敏感家蝇种群为试虫测定了胺菊酯和高效氯氰菊酯的联合毒力，其毒力增效倍数符合方程y=-0.0491x~2+0.3752x+0.0208(r=0.9211)。 2．羧酸酯酶在底物浓度不变的条件下，酶量在0～400ul范围内酶活力随酶量增加迅速上升酶活力上升，呈线性关系增长。 当酶量大于400ul后，随着酶量的增加酶活力上升变得平缓；乙酰胆碱酯酶在底物浓度不变的条件下，在12.5ul-1000ul范围内，随着乙酰胆碱酯酶酶量的增加，酶活力呈线性关系上升。 pH值变化对羧酸酯酶比活力的影响符合方程式：y=-1.6632x~2+22.897x-76.477(r=0.9754)；福建农林人学硕_卜学位论文家蝇抗药性治理策略及其酶学性质的研究第2奴 PH值变化对乙酞胆碱醋酶比活力的影响符合方程式:y=一0.0299x，+0.5958x一2，3656(r=0.9930)。 时间长度变化对梭酸酷酶比活力的影响符合方程式:y=一0.00!sx，+0.1226x+0.1871(r=0.9650); 时间长度变化对乙酞胆碱酣酶比活力的影响符合方程式:y=一0.001 lx2一卜0.0809x+0.1462(r=0.9797)。 温度变化对竣酸醋酶比活力的影响符合方程式:y=一0.oo62x2十0.4302x-4 .7425(r== 0.9962); 温度变化对乙酸胆碱酷酶比活力的影响符合方程式:y二一0.004】xZ一卜0.2886x·3.5946(r=0.9928)。 DDv对乙酞胆碱酷酶的Is0及‘随温度变化符合方程y二0.0 1 96x2-1 .ogssx+15.421(r=0.9505)及y=一o.ool6xZ+o.oss7x一0.905(r=0.919一)。更多还原

【Abstract】 Housefly (Musca domestica L.) is a hygiene pest of the world. Because houseflies keep in touch with mankind closely and it likes moving indoors, people pay close attention to it and study it. Study of the toxicity influence of insecticide mixture and putting into intensifier on housefly raised by the biological control research institute (BCRI) is the emphases, besides, we make some work about the influence of enzyme amount, pH, time length, response temperature on housefly’s AchE and CarE .The results indicate:1. Different measuring methods (droplet, embrance, spray) affected the toxicity of insecticides, the result indicate, the housefly population that raised by BCRI is a relatively sensitive population.With method of spray determine the housefly’s resistance to Beta-cypermethrin of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), the population’s resistance ratio of FAFU to Beta-cypermethrin is 5.26, belonging tolow-level resistance. We also studied enlarge effection of mixture between PB and Beta-cypermethrin, the results is that the relationship between PB and Beta-cypermethrin is the summation function. Enlarge effection of the mixture of. PB and Beta-cypermethrin accord with equation y = -0.0156x2 + O.I623x + 1.2098(r = 0.8862). Other several proportion of insecticide with PB is 5:1, Tetramethrin’s enlarge effection is 2.51 times The Permethrin is 1.40 times, D-trans allethrin is 0.50 times, D-prallethein is 1.67 times ,80% DDV milk is 1.38 times. The relationship of insecticides and PB is shown as summation function.Joint-toxicity of Tetramethrin and Beta-cypermethrin accord with equation y = -0.0491x2 + 0.3752x + 0.0208(r = 0.9211).2. CarE activity increase rapidly with enzyme amount rising within the range of 0- 400 ul, the relations of them is linear. After the enzyme amount is greater than 400ul, CarE activity rise gentlely with enzyme amount increasing.Within the range of 12.5ul- 1000ul, AchE activity increase with enzyme amount rising.The influence of pH change on CarE activity according with the equation: y --1.6632x2 + 22.897x - 76.477(r = 0.9754);The influence of pH change on AchE than activity according with the equation: y = -0.0299x2 + 0. 5958x - 2.3656(r = 0.9930).The influence of time length change on CarE according with equation: y = -O.OOlSx2 + 0.1226x + 0.1871(r = 0.9650);The influence of time length change on AchE according with the equation y = -0. 001 lx2 + 0.0809x + 0.1462(r = 0.9797).The influence of temperature change on CarE according with the equation: y = -0.0062x2 + 0.4302x - 4.7425(r = 0.9962);The influence of temperature change on AchE according with the equation: y = -0.0041x2 + 0.2886x - 3.5946(r = 0.9928).With the temperature changing, the relationship of DDV to AchE’s Iso and Ki accord with equation: y = 0.0196x2 - 1.09S8x + 15.421(r = 0.9808) and y = -0.0016x2 + 0.0887x - 0.908 (r = 0.9191).更多还原