【作者】 江医；

【导师】 云俊；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 改革开放以来，公路客运市场在综合运输市场中发生变化的幅度和力度最明显，基本上实现了由传统的“卖方市场”转变成现在的“买方市场”，特别是在1983年全国交通工作会议上，交通部提出了“有路大家行车，有水大家行船”的运输市场开放政策，极大的调动了社会各方面的积极性。运输市场长期以来由交通系统运输企业独家经营的局面，变成了交通和非交通系统，国家、集体、个体、合资、外资运输企业都参与了竞争的格局。但是，随着近20年的发展，公路客运已成为我国跨入新世纪、保持经济可持续发展面临的瓶颈之一，整个行业“多、小、散、弱”。特别是我国中小城市的公路客运市场，车型多、车容乱、车况差，经营者安全意识薄弱，“父子车”、“夫妻车”占大部分。由于缺乏科学合理的线路规划和运量控制，使大部分线路重置，资源浪费，热线线路运力大于运量，支线线路无人问津。另一方面，不同省市间相互牵制，地方保护主义屡见不鲜，同区域、同一线路上，运力投放失控、恶性竞争、服务质量低下、安全隐患突出，社会效益与经济效益难以得到有效保证，可持续发展无从谈起。 十堰市是我国内陆的中小城市，公路客运市场也存在上述问题，由于没有科学合理的规划，市场的宏观调控处于盲目状态，致使运力严重大于运量，市场秩序混乱，服务质量低下，给客运市场管理带来了很大的困难。 本文通过系统的分析国外、国内公路客运管理体制及其运作方式，从十堰市的公路客运行业如何规范化经营、规范化管理的良性态势的角度出发，从政府如何制定适度超前的管理政策切入，运用系统工程、计量经济学原理，科学预测了社会经济发展与公路客运发展的趋势，并提出建设中小城市公路客运交通体系的具体措施与设想，理论分析方法具有较强的实用性，对我国中小城市的公路客运市场管理具有一定的参考作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the reform and the opening of the policy to outside world, the market of the highway-passenger-transport took place an earth-shaking change in the comprehensive market of transport, bringing about the transform from the traditional "seller-market" to the current "buyer-market", especially during the meeting of the whole state traffic, the traffic-department of state advanced the opening policy that The people can travel vehicle in the place that there was the road and go ship in the place that there was the water, which mobilized hugely the enthusiasm of the whole society. The market of the traffic changed the phase, which was worked alone by the corporation owned by traffic system, turned into the situation of traffic and non-traffic where the corporation of the state, the collectivity, the individual, the joint venture and the foreign capital could participate in the competitors. But along with the development of 20 years, the highway-passenger-transport has become one of the bottlenecks, which embarrassed the standing development of economy. The whole vocation exist "more, small, loose and feebleness". Especially in the middling and small city, the types of vehicle are more, the appearances of vehicle are confusing, the condition of vehicle are different and the operator ’s consciousness of security is weakness, there are father-son vehicles and husband-wife vehicles in a great measure. Owing to lack the scientific and reasonable line-layout and quantity-control, a majority of line was installed respectively and the resource was extravagated. On the other hand, there have the diversions among the different province and city, and the region protectionism are common occurrences. The lose control of the power of traffic, the unfair competition, the inferior serve and the extruding security hidden trouble result in not guaranteeing the realization of society and economy’s benefit, saying nothing of the standing development.Shiyan city is middling inland city, whose highway-passenger-market also exists the similar problem. Because there is not the scientific and reasonable programming, the power of traffic overruns the quantity of traffic, and brings about the disordered market and the inferior serve.By systemic analyzing outside and inside highway-passenger-traffic management system and manner, beginning with the point of view how to deal and manage in standardization and how to establish exceed policy within measure, handling the principium of the systems engineering and measure economics, this paper forecasts the development trend of the society economy and highway-passenger-traffic, poses the particular measure and imagine how to build highway-passenger-traffic system. The theory method is very useful in practice and has reference to highway-passenger-traffic market management of our middling and small city.更多还原