【作者】 李国玉；

【导师】 匡海学；

【作者基本信息】 黑龙江中医药大学 ， 中药学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 广枣为漆树科植物南酸枣[Choerospondias axillaris(Roxb.)Burtt et Hill]的成熟果实，为蒙医习用药材。其性味甘、酸、平，具有行气活血、养心安神的功效，用于气滞血瘀、胸痹作痛、心悸气短、心神不安等心疾病症的治疗。现代药理学研究表明其对心血管系统有显著作用，对实验性大鼠心肌缺血有明显的保护作用，能拮抗多种实验性心律失常，提高动物耐缺氧能力，而且具有抑制血小板聚集及影响血液动力学和血液流变学的作用。广枣虽为蒙医习用药材，但国内外对其活性部位和化学成分的研究报道较少。因此，我们在筛选广枣保护心肌缺血活性部位的基础上，对活性部位的化学成分进行了研究。 本论文在实验中应用大孔吸附树脂法对广枣抗心肌缺血的有效部位进行了提取和精制，进而应用溶剂法和各种色谱法对该有效部位进行了系统的化学成分的分离和结构鉴定等研究。结果从中分离得到10个化合物，利用化学方法和现代波谱技术鉴定了其中5个化合物分别为：槲皮素(Quercetin)(1)、(+)-儿茶素(Catechin)(2)、山柰酚(Kaemferol)(3)、十六烷酸(Hexadecoicacid)(5)、金丝桃苷(Hyperin)(8)。其中5、8为首次从该植物中分离得到，其它化合物的结构鉴定工作正在进行中。 本论文的研究结果为广枣的药效物质基础研究、生药和制剂的质量标准研究、临床用药以及开发利用广枣资源提供了重要的科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fructus Choerospondiatis is the fruit of Choerospondias axillaris (Roxb.) Burn et Hill in the members of the Anacardiaceae. Its nature and flavour are sweet, sour and mild. Frutus Choerospondiatis which is mainly used for the treatment of stagnation of the vital energy and blood, chest pain, palpitation and shortness of breath and irritability can promote the vital energy and blood circulation and tranquilize the mind by nourishing the heart. The studies on the modern Pharmacology showed that it can protect the acute myocondial ischemia in the experimental mice, inhibit the experimental arrhythmia , enhance the animal hypoxia-resisted ability, reduce the platelet aggregation and effect the hemodynamics and hemorrheology. Though Fructus Choerospondiatis is a common Mongolian drug, the studies on its active fraction and chemical constituents were rarely reported in the domestic and seaside. So the chemical constituents of the active fraction have been studied in this dissertation on the basis of screening out anti-myocardial ischemic activity of Fructus Choerospondiatis .The thesis gives systematical studies on the chemical constituents in the active fraction of anti-myocardial ischemia. By Macroporous Adsorbing Resins, the active fraction was extracted and refined. Furthermore, ten compounds were isolated by fractional crystallization and chromatography. The structures of five compounds have been identified as: Quercetin (1) (+)- Catechin (2) Kaemferol (3) Hexadecoic acid (5) Hyperin (8). The compounds 5, 8 are discovered from the plant for the first time .The rest compounds continue to be detected and identified .The results of the study provide the important scientific evidences for the researches on the Pharmaco-material foundation , quality standards of plant drug and its preparation , the clinical prescription and the development of Fructus Choerospondiatis resource.更多还原