中国海外直接投资战略研究

【作者】 张惠博；

【导师】 宋亚非；

【作者基本信息】 东北财经大学 ， 企业管理， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 随着科学技术的高度发展，国际分工和国际间技术经济合作进一步加强，资本国际化、生产国际化的趋势越来越明显，海外直接投资成了国际经济活动的重要形式， 日益推动全球经济的发展。海外直接投资的发展规模、水平已成为一国经济发展水平和国际竞争实力的衡量标志。中国作为世界大家庭中的一位重要成员，在改革开放总方针的指导下，以积极的姿态开辟了海外直接投资的道路，海外直接投资从无到有，从小到大逐步具有规模，成为世界海外经济活动的一个重要组成部分，为全球经济发展作出了应有的贡献。本文以当前中国海外直接投资问题为研究对象，从基本概念入手展开研究，论述了中国海外直接投资的兴起和发展情况，详细地分析了中国海外直接投资的优势和劣势。在此基础上，对中国海外直接投资战略的调整提出了自己的观点。文章主要内容包括：第一章，主要阐述了海外直接投资的概念与方式，同时初步分析了海外直接投资的积极效应。第二章，主要描述了中国海外直接投资的历史与现状。中国的海外直接投资发展过程可以划分为三个阶段：第一阶段（1979—1986），是起步阶段；第二阶段（1987—1990），是成长阶段；第三阶段（1991—今），是飞跃阶段。中国的海外直接投资具有以下特点：投资规模小型化；投资主体多元化；投资行业多样化；投资地区分布相对集中；出资方式多元化；投资进入以新建为主。第三章，详细分析了中国海外直接投资的优势及劣势。中国发展海外直接投资有其优势：一是当前国内的经济环境和政策条件有利于发展海外直接投资；二是中国的宏观资金环境已经发生了根本变化；三是制度优势；四是拥有多种形式的投资要素；五是一定的技术优势；六是小规模制造的优势。同时，中国海外直接投资又存在劣势：一是分布过于集中；二是投资规模较小；三是技术水平落后；四是投资见效较慢；五是行政审批烦琐；六是缺少完善的宏观政策。第四章，针对中国海外直接投资存在的问题，提出了战略调整的对策建议。<WP=3>分别从产业选择；财政金融支持；海外购并；海外直接投资保险制度及投资区位选择等方面提出建议。第五章，着重阐述了两个与海外直接投资相关的问题，分别是：法律的衔接与完善和企业治理结构。更多还原

【Abstract】 Accompanying with the high development of scientific and technical, international division and international technological economic cooperation are strengthened further, the trend of the internationalization of the capital and internationalization of producing are more and more obvious. Overseas direct investment as the important form of the international economic activity, promote the development of global economy day by day, the scale and level of development of it have already become the measurement signs of one country’s economic development level and international competition strength. China, an important member in the big family of the world, under the guidance of general policy of reform and opening-up, has opened up the road to the overseas direct investment with positive posture. The overseas direct investment has scaled progressively from small to large, becoming an important part of the overseas economic activity of the world, having made due contribution for global economic development. This text regards present China’s overseas direct investment question as the research object, proceed with basic conception and studying , has described the rise and development of China’s overseas direct investment, and has analysed the advantage of China’s overseas direct investment and inferior position in detail . On the basis of this, I put forward my own view to the adjustment of China’s overseas direct investment strategy. The main content of the article includes：Chapter one, has explained the concept and way of the overseas direct investment mainly and analysed the positive effect of the overseas direct investment tentatively at the same time . Chapter two, has described history of China’s overseas direct investment and current situation mainly. The overseas direct investment evolution of China can be divided into three stages：The first stage ( 1979-1986), it is the stage of starting; The second stage ( 1987-1990), it is the stage of growing up; The third stage( 1991 - today), it is a leap stage . The overseas direct investment of China has following<WP=5>characteristics：miniaturization of scale of investment; pluralism of investment subject; diversification of investment trade; centralization of invest in the area ; pluralism way of providing funds ; entrance mainly by newly-building. Chapter three, has analysed the advantages of China’s overseas direct investment and inferior position in detail .The advantages are these ：first, present and domestic economic environment and terms of the policy help to develop overseas investment; second, already basic change has taken place in the macroscopical fund environment of China; third, the system advantage ; fourth, diversification forms of investment key elements; fifth, certain technological advantage ; sixth, the advantage making on a small scale. Besides, the inferior position exists in China’s overseas direct investment：first, it is too centralized to distribute; second, the scale of investment is relatively little; third, the technical level lags behind; fourth, it is relatively slow to make the investment become effective ; fifth, it is convoluted to examine and approve; sixth, lack of the perfect macroscopical policy. Chapter four, some suggestions on strategical adjustment of overseas direct investment are given, they are about following aspects ：choose of industry ; finance and banking support; purchase and combination overseasly; overseas investment insurance system and advice on position of invest.Chapter five, has explained two questions correlating with overseas direct investment emphatically ：laws links up and perfection, the managing structure of enterprise.更多还原