基因专利法律保护问题研究

【作者】 卫青；

【导师】 张宇润；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 经济法学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 随着科学技术的日新月异，人类对包括自身在内的整个生物界的认识已深入到基因领域。作为遗传密码的基因决定着生物的一切性状，包括生命。基因科技在提高人类生活质量与改善生存环境的同时，也冲击着我们现有的观念和制度。特别是对构建于工业机械时代的传统专利法理论提出了巨大的挑战。促使我们去思考基因作为客观存在的化学物质到底是发明还是发现、基于与生命的天然联系对基因及其科技予以专利法律保护是否存在伦理道德问题、基因专利的条件以及基因专利与基因资源的保护和利用之间的矛盾等问题。本文将针对这些问题，从专利制度的本质特征及其社会作用出发，并结合基因技术自身特点以及目前世界各国对这些问题的观点和立法，进行具体分析并作出有限的回答。以期对完善现代专利制度，促进基因科技发展造福人类做出一些贡献。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of science and technology, man has broadened his knowledge about the biological world, himself included, into the field of genes, regarded as genetic codes, which determine all the characters of a creature, including its life. While improving the quality of man’s life and living environment, gene technology has been lashing our present concepts and systems, esp. the traditional patent law theory, with the age of mechanic industry as its basis, which encourages us to consider such questions as whether a gene, as an objective chemical substance was invented or discovered; Whether there are any ethical problems in the legal protection for genes an gene technology based on their natural connections with life; What are the prerequisites for gene patent and how to solve the contradictions between eene patent and protection and utilization of gene resources. With the intention to improve modern patent system and accelerate the development of gene science and technology for man’s welfare, this article analyzes and gives the limited answer to these questions by studying the basic characters of patent system and its social functions combined with characters of gene technology and viewpoints of and-i-legislation for these questions from different countries in the present world.更多还原