【作者】 翁玲；

【导师】 王博文；

【作者基本信息】 河北工业大学 ， 电工理论与新技术， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 根据自动控制原理，结合超磁致伸缩材料的磁特性，设计了磁致伸缩致动器位移控制系统，制作了控制系统的硬件电路板，并对此控制系统进行了硬软件调试。控制系统主要由硬件和软件两部分组成。硬件系统是以TMS320C31为核心的电路，主要包括人机接口部分、模数转换器部分、存储器接口部分、数控恒流源等，软件主要实现数据采集、处理和数据输出等功能。本控制系统具有反应速度快、可控精度高、能实现自动控制等特点。 采用多参数磁测量系统对磁致伸缩材料的特性进行了测试及分析。测试了磁致伸缩材料静态特性和动态特性，包括材料的磁致伸缩、磁滞回线、动态磁致伸缩系数、柔顺系数、磁机械耦合系数等。分析表明测试结果具有可靠性和可重复性，测试特性可以作为磁致伸缩致动器的设计参数。 应用自动控制原理对致动器闭环控制系统进行了建模与仿真分析工作。建立了致动器的输入输出模型，推导了系统的传递函数，并在此基础上对系统进行了仿真分析。仿真分析包括模拟致动器的阶跃响应特性、频率响应特性和数字控制器实现致动器的预定指标等。 应用电路理论设计了致动器控制系统的硬件电路。控制系统的核心部分CPU采用DSP(TMS320C31)。电路设计主要包括译码电路设计、存储器接口电路设计、人机接口电路设计、AD转换器电路设计、数控恒流源接口设计等。绘制了PCB图，并对电路板进行了调试。调试结果表明，硬件电路设计合理，达到了预定设计指标。 进行了致动器时域特性测试和控制系统的安装调试。时域特性测试包括致动器静态特性测试和阶跃响应特性测试，并根据测试结果分析了被控对象的传递函数。控制系统的安装调试包括开环和闭环调试，调试结果表明，致动器控制系统工作稳定，反映速度快，可控精度高，可以达到了设计要求的步距小于0.2μm指标。更多还原

【Abstract】 The controlling system of a magnetostrictive actuator was investigated, based on automatic control theory and combined with the static and dynamic properties of magnetostrictive materials. The printed circuit board was designed, and the system was debugged. The controlling system is made up of two parts, the hardware and the software. The hardware composes of several parts such as human-machine interface, analog-to-digital converter, memory interface, digital control power. The software functions as data collection, disposal and output. The system has characteristics of speediness, high precision and automatism.The static and dynamic properties, such as magnetostriction, hysteresis loop, dynamic strain coefficient and magnetomechanical coupling coefficient were measured with the magnetic measurement system of multiple parameters. It is found that the measurement result is reliable and repeated and that the parameters can be used to design an actuator.The model of the closed loop controlling system for the actuator was founded in reference to automatic control theory. Based on the input-output model and the transfer function, the simulations, such as step and frequency response and the design of appropriate digital controller were carried out.The hardware circuit of the system was designed on the base of circuit theory. The core of the controlling system-CPU is DSP (TMS320C31). The circuit design mainly includes interface designs, such as address coding circuit, memory, human-machine, AD converter, the power, etc. The PCB was protracted and tested. The testing result indicates that the circuit design is logical, and it can reach an expected target.The testing of time domain property for the actuator, the installation and debugging for the controlling system were completed. The time domain property test contains static property test and step response test. Depended on the result of the test, the transfer function of the system was deduced. The debugging comprises open loop and closed loop debugging. The result shows that the controlling system works steady, quickly and precisely. The actuator can achieve the minimal step distance of less than 0.2 urn.更多还原